Table 1.
Characteristics of Hospitals in Sample from 2000 to 2003, by Financial Health Quartile*
| Quartile 1† | Quartile 2† | Quartile 3† | Quartile 4† | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean cash flow-to-total revenue ratio,% (range) | 29.93 (18.67–90.99) | 13.42 (9.74–18.39) | 6.54 (3.17–9.73) | −13.27 (−246.30 to 3.14) | 9.13 (−246.30 to 90.99) |
| Mean operating margin,% (range) | 3.97 (−38.98 to 37.93) | −0.24 (−54.12 to 27.18) | −3.01 (−62.71 to 20.80) | −22.13 (−240.72 to 13.38) | −5.37 (−240.72 to 37.93) |
| No. (%) of facilities | 217 (24.97) | 217 (24.97) | 217 (24.97) | 218 (25.09) | 869 |
| No. (%) of discharges | 7,298,876 (28.50) | 6,927,431 (27.06) | 6,287,043 (24.55) | 5,090,676 (19.88) | 25,604,026 |
| Urban,% | 91.24 | 91.71 | 90.78 | 96.33 | 92.52 |
| Rural,% | 8.76 | 8.29 | 9.21 | 3.67 | 7.48 |
| Ownership | |||||
| For-profit,% | 27.14 | 10.58 | 6.34 | 6.52 | 12.89 |
| Not-for-profit,% | 68.57 | 87.50 | 90.24 | 77.72 | 81.04 |
| Government,% | 4.29 | 1.92 | 3.41 | 15.76 | 6.07 |
| Teaching intensity (Resident-to-bed ratio) | |||||
| Minor teaching (>0–0.249),% (SD) | 79.72 | 75.12 | 75.58 | 53.67 | 71.00 |
| Major teaching (0.250–1.094),% | 20.28 | 24.88 | 24.42 | 46.33 | 29.00 |
| No. of beds per hospital (SD) | 346.50 (242.46) | 326.67 (197.96) | 301.49 (187.02) | 293.42 (204.36) | 316.99 (209.64) |
| Occupancy rate,% (range) | 67.51 (23.38–100.32) | 69.49 (33.61–102.16) | 68.34 (29.51–103.40) | 68.27 (11.83–105.44) | 68.4 (11.83–105.44) |
*
Included 869 hospitals with 3,614,174 patients. Prereform and postreform years are academic years (e.g., prereform year 3 indicates academic year July 1, 2000 to June 30, 2001).
†
Quartiles computed based on mean cash flow-to-total revenue ratio. Quartile 1 is the most financially healthy and Quartile 4 is the least financially healthy.