Table 2. .

SNPs Independently Associated with MPOD within Each Gene, in CAREDS (N = 1585)

Gene	SNP	Genotype	N	Adjusted for Dietary L and Z and Ancestry*				Further Adjusted for Waist Circumference, Diabetes, and Fiber Intake		Final Adjustment for Serum L and Z
				Mean MPOD	% Change from Reference	β†	P Value	β†	P Value	β†	P Value
Xanthophyll binding in retina
GSTP1	rs675679	AA	1307	0.36	Ref.	0.028	0.033	0.027	0.035	0.027	0.031
		AC	263	0.39	8
		CC	14	0.40	13
Carotenoid cleavage
BCMO1	rs11645428	GG	710	0.35	Ref.	0.029	2.2 × 10−4	0.031	6.3 × 10−5	0.017	0.027
		AG	694	0.36	5
		AA	181	0.42	20
	rs6564863	GG	686	0.35	Ref.	0.017	0.027	0.020	0.011	0.018	0.018
		AG	718	0.36	3
		AA	176	0.40	12
HDL transport or status
ABCA1	rs1929841	AA	995	0.37	Ref.	−0.020	0.029	−0.024	0.007	−0.022	0.011
		AC	518	0.36	−2
		CC	72	0.30	−19
ABCG5	rs10179921	GG	1426	0.37	Ref.	−0.041	0.024	−0.038	0.028	−0.038	0.026
		AG or AA	153	0.33	−11
LIPC	rs6078	GG	1480	0.37	Ref.	−0.044	0.041	−0.049	0.020	−0.043	0.038
		AG or AA	105	0.32	−12
Lipid and/or carotenoid absorption
SCARB1	rs10744182	AA	525	0.38	Ref.	−0.021	0.005	−0.021	0.004	−0.020	0.005
		AG	760	0.36	−5
		GG	298	0.34	−11
	rs838879	AA	768	0.38	Ref.	−0.018	0.020	−0.020	0.010	−0.018	0.016
		AG	647	0.35	−7
		GG	169	0.35	−8
	rs4379922	AA	651	0.37	Ref.	−0.016	0.036	−0.019	0.010	−0.016	0.025
		AG	711	0.36	−3
		GG	220	0.34	−10
Long-chain fatty acid status
ELOVL2	rs1150561	GG	1407	0.36	Ref.	0.040	0.016	0.045	0.006	0.040	0.012
		AG or AA	178	0.40	11
FADS1	rs174534	AA	711	0.35	Ref.	0.017	0.031	0.015	0.056	0.015	0.041
		AG	695	0.38	8
		GG	177	0.37	7
FADS2	rs2727271	AA	1244	0.36	Ref.	0.024	0.050	0.019	0.113	0.017	0.136
		AT	323	0.38	7
		TT	15	0.40	12
Genes previously related to maculopathies
RPE65	rs4926339	GG	556	0.34	Ref.	0.018	0.020	0.017	0.021	0.015	0.038
		AG	784	0.37	10
		AA	244	0.37	8
ALDH3A2	rs8069576	GG	495	0.38	Ref.	−0.017	0.027	−0.016	0.026	−0.015	0.037
		AG	740	0.36	−6
		AA	290	0.35	−9

^*First two principal components from principal component analysis using 176 ancestry informative markers.

^†Beta is increase in MPOD per additional minor allele (additive genetic model).