Table 1.
Data from the diabetic population and age and gender-matched controls
| |
|
Control group |
|
|
Diabetic group |
|
Diabetic vs control (P) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameters | Male (n = 39) | Female (n = 35) | P | Male (n = 57) | Female (n = 53) | P | Male | Female |
| Age (years) |
59.97 ± 1.02 |
54.71 ± 1.68 |
0.100 |
58.88 ± 1.34 |
60.49 ± 1.42 |
0.524 |
0.453 |
0.013 |
| Gender (%M/%F) |
52.70 |
47.30 |
— |
51.82 |
48.18 |
— |
— |
— |
| BMI (Kg/m2) |
27.89 ± 0.72 |
27.09 ± 0.71 |
0.704 |
30.37 ± 0.65 |
30.12 ± 0.67 |
0.788 |
0.013 |
0.002 |
| WC (cm) |
101.32 ± 1.75 |
92.26 ± 1.96 |
0.003 |
110.36 ± 1.70 |
104.02 ± 2.05 |
0.020 |
0.000 |
0.000 |
| SBP (mmHg) |
145.28 ± 3.08 |
143.74 ± 3.98 |
0.010 |
136.86 ± 2.95 |
137.53 ± 3.61 |
0.942 |
0.002 |
0.000 |
| DBP (mmHg) |
87.10 ± 1.54 |
87.76 ± 2.06 |
0.654 |
73.54 ± 1.69 |
72.74 ± 1.77 |
0.745 |
0.000 |
0.000 |
| Glycemia (mmol/L) |
5.58 ± 0.08 |
5.12 ± 0.09 |
0.000 |
9.70 ± 0.48 |
10.69 ± 0.59 |
0.191 |
0.000 |
0.000 |
| HbA1c (%) |
— |
— |
— |
8.13 ± 0.25 |
9.20 ± 0.30 |
0.007 |
— |
— |
| Total-c (mmol/L) |
5.71 ± 0.15 |
5.30 ± 0.14 |
0.121 |
4.75 ± 0.15 |
4.89 ± 0.15 |
0.526 |
0.000 |
0.129 |
| TGs (mmol/L) |
1.28 ± 0.08 |
1.08 ± 0.06 |
0.118 |
1.85 ± 0.15 |
1.99 ± 0.15 |
0.406 |
0.002 |
0.000 |
| LDL-c (mmol/L) |
3.70 ± 0.15 |
3.36 ± 0.13 |
0.222 |
2.69 ± 0.14 |
2.69 ± 0.14 |
0.996 |
0.000 |
0.012 |
| Ox-LDL (U/L) |
52.65 ± 2.60 |
33.23 ± 1.92 |
0.000 |
32.58 ± 1.78 |
32.42 ± 1.84 |
1.000 |
0.000 |
0.401 |
| Non-HDL-c (mmol/L) |
4.28 ± 0.15 |
3.86 ± 0.14 |
0.110 |
3.50 ± 0.16 |
3.56 ± 0.16 |
0.635 |
0.004 |
0.257 |
| PON1 activity | 519.66 ± 18.63 | 449.05 ± 21.66 | 0.034 | 426.01 ± 20.27 | 490.17 ± 30.31 | 0.077 | 0.004 | 0.780 |
Results are presented as media ± SEM. Independent samples T-test and Mann–Whitney test for normalized and non-normalized samples, respectively. P adjusted for age and BMI (ANCOVA) when adequate (when p<0.05): for age when comparing female diabetic vs female control subjects; for BMI when comparing diabetic vs control (both for male and for female). BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Ox-LDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein; TGs, triglycerides; Total-c, total cholesterol; WC, waist circumference.