. 2013 Apr 6;10(81):20121047. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2012.1047

Table 1.

Summary of statistical tests of orientation behaviour of adult and juvenile birds. Results for all birds (rows 2–5) and divided by time between treatment and departure, i.e. less than or greater than 10 days (rows 7–11), are shown. AC, adult control; AAP, adult anti-parallel pulsed birds; JC, juvenile control; JAP, juvenile anti-parallel pulsed birds. The length of the mean vector (r) and direction (α) are reported. Differences in mean angular direction (Watson–Williams test) and variance around the mean direction (Levene's test) are reported.

treatment	n	r	α (°)	Watson–Williams test	Levene's test
AC	17	0.872***	204	F_1,33 = 0.119^n.s.	F_1,33 = 23.84**
AAP	18	0.475*	211	F_1,33 = 0.119^n.s.	F_1,33 = 23.84**
JC	18	0.501*	210	F_1,28 = 0.129^n.s.	F_1,28 = 1.187^n.s.
JAP	12	0.578*	201	F_1,28 = 0.129^n.s.	F_1,28 = 1.187^n.s.
AC < 10	11	0.899***	209	F_1,21 = 0.248^n.s.	F_1,21 = 28.917**
AAP < 10	12	0.287^n.s.	223	F_1,21 = 0.248^n.s.	F_1,21 = 28.917**
AC > 10	6	0.830**	198	F_1,10 = 0.201^n.s.	F_1,10 = 0.034^n.s.
AAP > 10	6	0.871**	204	F_1,10 = 0.201^n.s.	F_1,10 = 0.034^n.s.
JC < 10	14	0.508*	213	F_1,23 = 0.456^n.s.	F_1,23 = 0.116^n.s.
JAP < 10	11	0.617*	192	F_1,23 = 0.456^n.s.	F_1,23 = 0.116^n.s.

*p < 0.05.

**p < 0.01.

***p < 0.001.

n.s. = p > 0.05.