Table 1.
State of the art of coupling light and single atoms in free space.
| Reference and experimental system | Year | Extinction | Reflection | Phase shift | Absorption |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wineland et al. [27] trapped ion |
1987 | <0.1% | |||
| Vamivakas et al. [17] quantum dot |
2007 | 12% | |||
| Wrigge et al. [18] molecule in matrix |
2008 | 22% | |||
| Tey et al. [19] trapped atom |
2008 | 10% | |||
| Aljunid et al. [20] trapped atom |
2009 | 1° | |||
| Slodicka et al. [21] trapped ion |
2010 | 1.4% | |||
| Pototschnig et al. [22] molecule in matrix |
2011 | 19% | 3° | ||
| Piro et al. [28] trapped ion |
2011 | 0.03% | |||
| Aljunid et al. [23] trapped atom |
2011 | 0.17% |