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Comparison of the possible effects of a single atom on the light field in free space and in cavity QED.
| Phenomenon | Cavity QED | Free space |
|---|---|---|
| mode spectrum | discrete/single mode | continuous |
| max. extinction of a cw beam | 100%a | 100%b |
| max. phase shift | 180° | 180° |
| max. absorption of a single photon | 100% | 100% |
| observation of vacuum Rabi splitting | yes | no |
| exponential decay | no | yes |
| structured continuum dynamics | no | yes |
Mechanism: vacuum Rabi splitting.
Mechanism: destructive interference
