Table 2.

Postoperative Complications

Complication	n	Total study population, %	Patients with complications, %
Any complication	643	29.62	100.00
Infection, leg	2	0.10	0.31
Infection, septicemia	53	2.45	8.24
Infection, deep sternal	11	0.51	1.71
Neurologic, coma	3	0.14	0.47
Stroke, permanent	38	1.76	5.91
Stroke, transient	4	0.19	0.62
Perioperative myocardial infarction	5	0.24	0.78
Reoperation for tamponade	36	1.66	5.60
Reoperation, other cardiac cause	24	1.11	3.73
Reoperation, other noncardiac cause	60	2.77	9.33
Atrial fibrillation	398	18.34	61.90
Anticoagulation event	11	0.51	1.71
Cardiac arrest	48	2.22	7.47
Gastrointestinal event	35	1.62	5.44
Heart block	25	1.16	3.89
Multisystem organ failure	36	1.66	5.60
Other	2	0.10	0.31
Cardiac tamponade	1	0.05	0.16
Pneumonia	85	3.92	13.22
Pulmonary embolism	3	0.14	0.47
Prolonged ventilation	206	9.49	32.04
Renal failure, dialysis required	50	2.31	7.78
Renal failure, without dialysis	72	3.32	11.20
Acute limb ischemia	9	0.42	1.40
Arterial dissection, iliac or femoral	1	0.05	0.16

Postoperative complications are defined using The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database version 2.61.¹⁷