Table 1. Descriptive Statistics and the Associations with Depressive Symptoms, Smoking in Pregnancy, and Recent Alcohol Use.

Independent Variables	Total n=4,454 (100%) No. (%)	CES-D ≥ 23 n=959 (22%) No. (%)	P	Current Smoking n=977 (22%) No. (%)	P	Alcohol Use in Prev 12 Months n=1561 (35%) No. (%)	P
Demographics
Age (yr), mean(SD)	24.4 (5.8)	24.4(5.7)	0.880	25.5 (5.6)	<0.001	24.9 (5.6)	<0.001
Annual income, mean(SD)	9,241(10,000)	9,393.3 (10324.9)	0.630	9,800 (11,000)	0.059	10,700 (10,721)	<0.001
Education
>High school	822(19)	150(16)	0.001	90 (9)	<0.001	304 (20)	<0.001
High school/GED*	1,966 (44)	403(42)		390 (40)		720 (46)
<High school	1,010 (23)	149(16)		365 (37)		370 (24)
Still in high school	656 (15)	259(27)		132 (14)		167 (11)
Foreign Born	1,007 (23)	192(20)	0.029	75 (7.7)	<0.001	236 (15)	<0.001
Single	3,351 (75)	779(81)	<0.001	807 (83)	<0.001	1237 (79)	<0.001
Race/Ethnicity
Black (non-Hispanic)	3,002 (67)	678(71)	0.022	623 (64)	<0.001	1057 (68)	<0.001
White (non-Hispanic)	410 (9)	92(10)		209 (21)		232 (15)
Latina/Hispanic	915 (21)	163(17)		127 (13)		239 (15)
Other	132 (3)	28(3)		18 (1.8)		33 (2)
Parity
0	1831 (41)	366(38)	0.001	322 (33)	<0.001	640 (41)	0.807
1	1320 (30)	438(46)		266 (27)		455 (29)
2+	1308 (30)	157(16)		389 (40)		466 (30)
Objective Stress
Low (0-2)	1,483 (33)	176(18)	<0.001	228 (23)	<0.001	461 (30)	<0.001
Moderate (3-4)	1,422 (32)	295(31)		280 (29)		471 (30)
High (5-14)	1,554 (35)	490(51)		469 (48)		629 (40)
Everyday Discrimination (ED)
None or very little	3343(75)	575(60)	<0.001	654 (67)	<0.001	1075 (69)	<0.001
Moderate	873(20)	282(30)		231 (24)		380 (24)
High	238(5)	102(11)		92 (9)		106 (7)
Major Discrimination (MD)
None	3,665(82)	705(73.5%)	<0.001	758 (78)	<0.001	1225 (79)	<0.001
One event	678(15)	210(21.9%)		171 (18)		279 (18)
Two events	111(3)	44(4.6%)		48 (5)		57 (4)

^*GED = General equivalency diploma.