Table 2. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models evaluating the relationship among preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and gestational diabetes in the development of diabetes.
| Characteristic | n Developed Diabetes (%) | Incidence Rate per 1,000 Person-Years | Unadjusted Analysis | Adjusted Analysisa |
| HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |||
| No GDM, GH, or PEC | 23,108 (2.5) | 2.81 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| GH alone | 1,085 (3.9) | 5.26 | 1.96 (1.84–2.08) | 1.95 (1.83–2.07) |
| PEC alone | 1,510 (6.6) | 6.47 | 2.25 (2.14–2.37) | 2.08 (1.97–2.19) |
| GDM alone | 8,082 (26.2) | 39.77 | 14.83 (14.46–15.22) | 12.77 (12.44–13.10) |
| GDM+GH | 681 (32.4) | 55.09 | 21.06 (19.51–22.73) | 18.49 (17.12–19·.96) |
| GDM+PEC | 611 (41.4) | 55.02 | 19.80 (18.27–21.45) | 15.75 (14.52–17.07) |
a
Adjusted for age, income quintile, prior hypertension, and co–morbidity using John Hopkins collapsed ambulatory diagnostic groups (CADG).