Table 5.
Variable | Time | Class | Class × Time | Analytical sample size | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BADL | 0.002±0.0109 | 1 | −1.372±0.8563 | 0.994±0.4613 * | 2,465 | |
2 | 0.142±0.1250 | −0.011±0.0301 | ||||
3 | −0.018±0.0635 | −0.008±0.0164 | ||||
IADL | −0.221±0.0363 | 1 | −1.268±1.4905 | 1.273±0.5756 * | 2,465 | |
2 | −1.074±0.5125 | 0.407±0.1157 *** | ||||
3 | −0.428±0.3576 | 0.202±0.0770 ** | ||||
Grip strength | −0.080±0.1621 | 1 | 1.118±1.5797 | −2.147±0.9095 * | 1,668 | |
2 | 0.989±0.9043 | −1.219±0.3810 ** | ||||
3 | 0.085±0.6161 | −0.572±0.2462 * | ||||
Physical functioning | −0.604±0.1366 | 1 | 2.399±2.8647 | −0.749±1.4346 | 2,306 | |
2 | −3.098±1.3223 | 0.014±0.3102 | ||||
3 | −1.380±0.7824 | 0.023±0.1792 | ||||
Mental functioning | −0.184±0.0987 | 1 | −5.795±4.1045 | 1.293±1.2155 | 2,306 | |
2 | 0.282±0.9589 | −0.293±0.2691 | ||||
3 | −0.704±0.5972 | 0.060±0.1546 |
Notes. Bold indicates significant p value. BADL = basic activities of daily living; IADL = instrumental activities of daily living; SE = standard error; SOP = speed of processing. Controlling for age, gender, years of education, group assignment, booster sessions, recruitment site, race, depression, heart disease, congestive heart failure, stroke, smoke, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia.
aClass 4 is the referent group.
*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.