Table 1. Baseline characteristics of MetS group and non-MetS group.
| Non-MetS (n = 270) | MetS (n = 167) | P value | |
| Age (yrs) | 71 (14) | 69 (16) | 0.044 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.94 ± 2.64 | 25.52 ± 2.50 | < 0.001 |
| Waist (cm) | 87.06 ± 7.40 | 95.26 ± 6.07 | < 0.001 |
| WHR | 0.89 ± 0.05 | 0.93 ± 0.04 | < 0.001 |
| SBP (mmhg) | 120 (19) | 130 (20) | < 0.001 |
| DBP (mmhg) | 80 (10) | 85 (15) | < 0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.3 (0.53) | 5.8 (1.19) | < 0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.71 ± 0.81 | 4.65 ± 0.84 | 0.432 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.34 (0.37) | 1.06 (0.28) | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.88 ± 0.72 | 2.93 ± 0.74 | 0.576 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.28 (0.60) | 2.09 (1.08) | < 0.001 |
| Insulin (µIU/L) | 4.37 (2.84) | 5.40 (3.64) | < 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.05 (0.69) | 1.43 (1.17) | < 0.001 |
| SHBG (nmol/L) | 41.90 (23.40) | 35.70 (21.93) | < 0.001 |
| TT (nmol/L) | 14.85 ± 4.91 | 13.56 ± 4.31 | 0.009 |
| FT (pmol/L) | 256.81 ± 81.28 | 257.97 ± 80.22 | 0.884 |
| Smoke (%) | 35 (12.96%) | 27 (34.13%) | 0.351 |
| Drink (%) | 6 (2.22%) | 5 (2.99%) | 0.617 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD for normally distributed or median (interquartile range; i.e, the range of values lying between the 25th and 75th centiles) for not normally distributed variables unless otherwise stated. Categorical variables were compared using χ2 test. Differences in continuous variables were tested with the unpaired t test or the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. BMI: body mass index; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FT: free testosterone; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HDL-C: high density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; LDL-C: low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; MetS: metabolic syndrome; SBP: systolic blood pressure; SHBG: sex hormone-binding globulin; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; TT: total testosterone; WHR: waist hip rate.