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Lipid peroxidation by-products. Oxidative damage to lipids was assessed in SSM (A) and IFM (B) by measuring lipid peroxidation by-products malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxyalkenals (4-HAE) using a colorimetric assay and compared against a standard curve of known 4-HAE and MDA concentrations. Values for lipid peroxidation by-products are expressed as means ± SE. *P < 0.05 for diabetic vs. all groups.
