Dark noise is eliminated in Gαq1 but not in rhodopsin (ninaE) mutants. A: example traces of dark noise. Left in WT and single mutants: ninaCP235, rdgA1/+, and rtp. Right, same genotypes on Gαq1-hypomorphic background: dark events were virtually eliminated, leaving only very occasional events (e.g., Gαq1;rtp). B and C: summary bar graphs showing event rates (B) and amplitude (C) in Gαq1 (n = 5–8), ninaCP235;Gαq1 (n = 4–19), rdgA1/+;Gαq1 (n = 11–20), and Gαq1;rtp (n = 15) along with single mutant (or WT) controls. D: example traces of dark noise events in ninaEI17 and rdgA1/+;ninaEI17 mutants. E and F: summary bar graphs showing mean event rate (E) and amplitude (F) of spontaneous dark events in WT, ninaEI17, and rdgA1/+ on WT (n = 8) and ninaEI17 backgrounds (n = 11).