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Release of inflammatory mediators from mononuclear cells and granulocytes isolated from patients with COPD. (a) CXCL8 release from mononuclear cells, (b) IL-6 release from mononuclear cells, (c) IL-1β release from mononuclear cells, (d) TNF-α release from mononuclear cells, (e) CXCL8 release from granulocytes, (f) IL-6 release from granulocytes, (g) MMP-9 release from granulocytes, and (h) NE release from granulocytes.
