Fig. 3.

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) T helper type 1 (Th1)/Th2 cytokine production. Mice were gavaged with ethanol or water and challenged 30 min later with cockroach allergen (CRA). BAL was collected at the indicated times. (a) BAL Th1 cytokines including tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-12 and interferon (IFN-γ). (b) BAL Th2 cytokines including IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13. Statistical analysis showed that time had a significant impact on cytokine production, but ethanol did not increase the BAL cytokine levels compared to water gavage; *P < 0·05, **0·01, ***0·001 versus sensitized (S).