Table 1.
Selected characteristics and mortality status of eligible study participants (with at least one visit above age 50y and available genetic data; N=1,461) by ApoE4 carrier status and cognitive status by end of follow-up; Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
| Cognitively normal N=1,179 | Mild Cognitive Impairment N=101 | All-cause dementia N=173 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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|
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| All (N=1,461) | ApoE4 non-carrier (N=866) | ApoE4 carrier (N=313) | ApoE4 non-carrier (N=74) | ApoE4 carrier (N=27) | ApoE4 non-carrier (N=113) | ApoE4 carrier (N=60) | ||||||||
| %, Mean | (±SD) | %, Mean | (±SD) | %, Mean | (±SD) | %, Mean | (±SD) | %, Mean | (±SD) | %, Mean | (±SD) | %, Mea n | (±SD) | |
| Selected Characteristics | ||||||||||||||
| Age, visit 1 (years) | 59.0 | (±15.0) | 56.6 | (±15.0)b | 55.9 | (±12.7)b | 69.0 | (±12.4) | 66.8 | (±14.9) | 72.5 | (±10.9) | 68.6 | (±130a |
| Age at onset (years) | — | — | — | — | — | 81.4 | (±7.8) | 80.3 | (±8.0) | 83.1 | (±6.7) | 79.6 | (±6. 4)a | |
| Sex (% men) | 52.4 | 52.1 | 47.0 | 59.4 | 63.0 | 61.9 | 55.0 | |||||||
| Education (years) | 16.3 | (±2.7) | 16.3 | (±2.6) | 16.3 | (±2.5)a | 16.0 | (±2.9) | 15.1 | (±3.8) | 16.3 | (±2.8) | 16.1 | (±2.9) |
| Race/ethnicity, % | ||||||||||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 74.3 | 73.4b | 58.9a,b | 90.5 | 93.6 | 95.6 | 96.7 | |||||||
| Non-Hispanic black | 22.0 | 22.0 | 36.8 | 9.5 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 3.3 | |||||||
| Other ethnicity | 3.7 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 0.0 | 3.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||||||
| Smoking status, visit 1, % | ||||||||||||||
| Never | 38.9 | 36.2 | 38.5 | 43.2 | 66.7 | 44.7 | 40.3 | |||||||
| Former | 43.4 | 45.4 | 45.6 | 34.6 | 18.5 | 40.6 | 44.8 | |||||||
| Current | 17.7 | 18.4 | 15.9 | 22.2 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 14.9 | |||||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.0 | (±4.2) | 26.0 | (±4.2)b | 26.4 | (±4.8)b | 26.2 | (±3.7) | 24.5 | (±3.0)a | 25.0 | (±3.3) | 25.1 | (±3.6) |
| Mortality status | ||||||||||||||
| All-cause deaths | ||||||||||||||
| N | 355 | 121 | 43 | 54 | 15 | 85 | 44 | |||||||
| Age at death (years) | 86.3 | (±8.9) | 83.5 | (±10.9)b | 80.6 | (±8.9)b | 88.8 | (±6.0) | 88.2 | (±5.1) | 90.0 | (±5.8) | 88.7 | (±5. 1) |
| Cardiovascular death | ||||||||||||||
| N | 110 | 35 | 14 | 11 | 6 | 26 | 16 | |||||||
| Age at death (years) | 88.1 | (±7.6) | 86.6 | (±10.8) | 86.0 | (±5.0) | 88.5 | (±5.6) | 86.5 | (±5.7) | 91.3 | (±5.1) | 87.1 | (±4.3)a |
| Non-cardiovascular deaths | ||||||||||||||
| N | 245 | 86 | 29 | 34 | 9 | 59 | 28 | |||||||
| Age at death (years) | 85.5 | (±9.3) | 82.2 | (±10.7)b | 78.0 | (±9.3)b | 88.9 | (±6.2) | 89.3 | (±4.6) | 89.4 | (±6.0) | 89.6 | (±5.3) |
| ApoE genotype | % | N | N | N | N | N | N | |||||||
| ε3/ε3 | 58.7 | 699 | 0 | 61 | 0 | 90 | 0 | |||||||
| ε2/ε3 | 13.6 | 163 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 22 | 0 | |||||||
| ε2/ε2 | 0.34 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |||||||
| ε2/ε4 | 2.4 | 0 | 27 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 5 | |||||||
| ε3/ε4 | 22.2 | 0 | 256 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 47 | |||||||
| ε4/ε4 | 2.9 | 0 | 30 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 8 | |||||||
| AD status, % | 10.4 | — | — | — | — | 78.8 | 78.3 | |||||||
Abbreviations: AD=Alzheimer's Disease; ApoE=Apolipoprotein E; ApoE4 carrier status=having an ε4 allele.
a
p<0.05 for null hypothesis that means or proportions are equal between ApoE4 carrier status groups within each cognitive status group, based on t- or χ2 test.
b
p<0.05 for null hypothesis that means or proportions are equal between cognitive status groups within each ApoE4 carrier status group, based on one-way ANOVA or χ2 test.