Table 4. Results of a multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis of factors predictive for OS in Swedish patients diagnosed with mRCC between 2002 and 2008.
| |
mRCC Model 1 (n=2753) |
mRCC Model 2 (n=2753) |
mRCC Model 3 (n=2753) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Gender (female vs male) |
0.892 (0.819–0.971) |
0.008 |
0.898 (0.824–0.977) |
0.013 |
0.913 (0.836–0.998) |
0.045 |
| Age |
0.999 (0.995–1.003) |
0.736 |
0.998 (0.994–1.002) |
0.414 |
0.999 (0.994–1.003) |
0.489 |
| Nephrectomy (yes vs no) |
0.572 (0.525–0.624) |
<0.001 |
0.578 (0.530–0.630) |
<0.001 |
0.571 (0.522–0.625) |
<0.001 |
| Institution size (largea
vs small) |
0.992 (0.909–1.083) |
0.863 |
0.997 (0.914–1.089) |
0.955 |
1.010 (0.922–1.106) |
0.838 |
| Year of diagnosis (2006–2008 vs 2002–2005) |
1.029 (0.941–1.125) |
0.536 |
1.026 (0.937–1.123) |
0.581 |
0.995 (0.905–1.093) |
0.910 |
|
Region of Sweden (region of interest vs West) | ||||||
| South | 0.962 (0.842–1.100) | 0.574 | 0.940 (0.821–1.075) | 0.367 | 0.923 (0.803–1.061) | 0.260 |
| Mid/central | 0.893 (0.785–1.016) | 0.086 | 0.882 (0.775–1.003) | 0.056 | 0.875 (0.766–1.000) | 0.050 |
| Stockholm | 0.686 (0.599–0.784) | <0.001 | 0.675 (0.589–0.772) | <0.001 | 0.657 (0.572–0.756) | <0.001 |
| East | 0.898 (0.775–1.042) | 0.157 | 0.906 (0.781–1.051) | 0.193 | 0.869 (0.746–1.011) | 0.068 |
| North |
1.076 (0.921–1.256) |
0.356 |
1.040 (0.890–1.214) |
0.623 |
1.045 (0.883–1.237) |
0.606 |
| Any TKI prescription (yes vs no) |
0.621 (0.547–0.705) |
<0.001 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
Treatment (regimen of interest vs other/no treatment) | ||||||
| Sunitinib first-line (sole treatment in Model 3) | — | — | 0.596 (0.503–0.706) | <0.001 | 0.599 (0.489–0.733) | <0.001 |
| Sorafenib first-line (sole treatment in Model 3) | — | — | 0.682 (0.549–0.847) | 0.001 | 0.810 (0.616–1.066) | 0.133 |
| IFN first-line (sole treatment in Model 3) | — | — | 0.636 (0.549–0.735) | <0.001 | 0.696 (0.586–0.827) | <0.001 |
| Sunitinib→sorafenib | — | — | — | — | 0.577 (0.417–0.798) | 0.001 |
| Sorafenib→sunitinib | — | — | — | — | 0.536 (0.367–0.781) | 0.001 |
| IFN→sunitinib | — | — | — | — | 0.509 (0.349–0.742) | <0.001 |
| IFN→sorafenib | — | — | — | — | 0.490 (0.334–0.719) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: CI=confidence interval; HR=hazard ratio; IFN=interferon-α; mRCC=metastatic renal cell carcinoma; OS=overall survival; TKI=tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Note: for continuous variables (e.g., age), an HR>1 equates to risk reduction when the value decreases and an HR<1 equates to risk reduction when the value increases; for binary variables, an HR<1 equates to risk reduction for the first category and an HR>1 equates to risk reduction for the second category.
a
A large institution indicates a university urology clinic, where patients were diagnosed, and does not include university oncology clinics.