Fig. 2.

Event-related responses to electric taste, acetic acid, and salt solution exhibit a relatively similar ERP morphology. Note that the time scales have been approximately matched. Stimulus onset is at 0 ms. a ERPs to electric taste, from 64 electrodes, exhibit a frontal P130, a frontocentral N220, and a late centroposterior positivity (P390). Reproduced from Ohla et al. (2009) with kind permission from Springer Science + Business Media. b The ERP to acetic acid, from electrode Cz, shows four distinct components: P1 at 200 ms, N1 at 350 ms, P2 at 450 ms, and a late positive component. Note that women exhibited shorter latencies and larger amplitudes. Reproduced from Hummel et al. (2010) with permission from BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. c Three major components, at 104 ms (ECD1), at 292 ms (ECD2), and at 392 ms (ECD3), were observed from simultaneously recorded EEG (upper panel) and MEG (lower panel) in a single participant. Dipole modeling revealed the temporal dynamics of the cortical activations, which started in the bilateral insula/ operculum (ECD1), spread to the central sulcus and temporal cortex (ECD2), and returned to the bilateral insula (ECD3) within 400 ms. Reproduced from Mizoguchi et al. (2002) by permission of Oxford University Press