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The figure illustrates the interaction between cellular and humoral responses against cancer cells. The cellular immune response is composed of Th1 and Tc1 (anti-tumour) and Th2 and Tc2 (pro-tumoral) lymphocytes. Similarly, the cytokine immune response is accomplished by Th1 (IL-2, IL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF-γ) predominantly antitumour cytokines; in contrast, the Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10) have mainly pro-tumour actions.
