Table 4. Effect of kinship among mates, kinship among male gametes and effective number of father on seedling height and diameter, in offspring stemming from three P. avium stands.

	Bayern					NRW					Brandenburg
	Intercept	Slope	P-value	df	R2	Intercept	Slope	P-value	df	R2	Intercept	Slope	P-value	df	R2
Height	X=1/x					X=x					X=1/x
						116.2					0.008
Kinship male–female		—					—					0.005	**	1
Kinship male gametes		—					—					—
Effective number of fathers		—					0.07	#	1			—
Residuals									33					28
										0.06					0.27
Diameter	X=x					X=x					X=1/x2
	16.1
Kinship male–female		−25.7	**	1			—					—
Kinship male gametes		—					—					—
Effective number of fathers		—					—					—
Residuals				16
					0.41

Abbreviation: NRW, North Rhine Westfalia.

^#P<0.1; **P<0.01.

Statistical analysis was conducted with linear models and response variable transformation when necessary. Significance was tested with analysis of deviance on the minimum adequate model.