Phylogenetic distribution of SM and CPE synthases in the animal kingdom. The phylogenetic distribution of SMS and CPES homologues in sequenced genomes correlates with the occurrence of their products SM, CPE, and CAEP (see under “Results and Discussion” for details). The phylogenetic tree was drawn with TreeViewX according to the classification in the NCBI/GenBankTM Taxonomy Browser. The presence of SMS and CPES genes was checked by a BLAST search (blastp or tblastn) in the NCBI/GenBank genomic BLAST databases, the NCBI/GenBank nonredundant protein database, UniProtKB, and the Silkworm Genome Database: SilkDB (B. mori).