FIG. 1.

T cell subsets. (A) Lymphocytes in blood of the three cohorts were analyzed by flow cytometry for expression of CD3, CD4, CD8, and the subset-defining markers CD45RO and CD27 with CD45RO^hiCD27^hi defining central memory cells, CD45RO^lowCD27^high defining effector memory T cells, and CD27^lowCD45RO^low defining effector cells. Data were normalized to numbers of cells within 10⁶ live PBMCs. Graph shows average frequencies of a given cohort tested at the defined time plus upper whiskers for standard deviations. In addition, data from individuals are shown as dots. Red dots represent transplant patients before immunosuppression (IS), pink dots show the same patients after IS. Purple and blue dots represent the first and second samples from healthy human subjects. Yellow represents results from comorbid control subjects. (B) On the basis of the same data shown in (A), percentages of the various CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell subsets were compared in the various cohorts. Central memory cells are shown as blue, effector memory cells as green, and effector cells as red parts of the pie charts.