Table 2.

Univariate and Multivariable Associations with Patient Activation (n = 433)

	Mean PAM Score (SD)	p -value*	Multivariable β coefficient (95 % CI)†
Age tertile (years)		0.894
18–42	72.5 (16.3)		–
43–49	72.0 (17.0)
≥ 50	72.4 (16.4)
Race:		0.539
White	71.8 (15.4)		Ref
African American	73.5 (16.6)		2.53 (−1.25, 6.31)
Latino	70.0 (18.0)		4.05 (−1.24, 9.34)
Other	64.7 (13.3)		−5.50 (−14.9, 3.86)
Gender		0.294
Female	73.8 (15.8)		Ref
Male	71.6 (16.5)		−2.88 (−6.20, 0.45)
High school degree		< 0.001
No	68.0 (15.9)		Ref
Yes	74.0 (16.5)		6.84 (3.37, 10.3)
Social status tertile		0.039
Lowest	70.3 (15.8)		Ref
Middle	74.3 (17.1)		2.42 (−1.84, 6.67)
Highest	74.5 (16.9)		1.52 (−2.01, 4.97)
Problematic alcohol use		0.002
Never	76.0 (15.7)		Ref
Former	70.0 (16.6)		−5.87 (−9.52,−2.23)
Current	70.1 (17.8)		−3.71 (−9.69, 2.26)
Illicit drug use		0.151
Never	75.1 (15.9)		Ref
Former	72.4 (16.8)		−0.22 (−4.16, 3.68)
Current	70.1 (16.3)		−0.74 (−5.16, 3.68)
Depression tertile		< 0.001
Lowest	77.6 (16.9)		Ref
Middle	70.2 (15.7)		−5.56 (−9.33,−1.79)
Highest	68.1 (15.1)		−8.26 (−12.1,−4.44)
Time with provider		0.322
< 5 years	72.7 (16.5)		−
≥ 5 years	71.8 (16.5)
Prescribed antiretrovirals		0.107
No	69.9 (15.4)		Ref
Yes	72.9 (16.8)		1.41 (−2.28, 5.09)

*p-values adjusted for site and clustering by provider

^†Multivariable model adjusted for variables in column and also site and clustering by provider