Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the 6432 Conventional Normotensive Subjects Broken Down by Treatment Status, Diabetic Status, and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Category
| Characteristic | Untreated |
Treated |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nondiabetics |
Diabetics |
Nondiabetics |
Diabetics |
|||||
| Sustained NT, n=4455 |
Masked HT, n=1031 |
Sustained NT, n=162 |
Masked HT, n=67 |
Sustained NT #, n=438 |
Masked HT, n=192 |
Sustained NT #, n=50 |
Masked HT, n=37 |
|
| Number with characteristic (%) | ||||||||
| Male | 1941 (43.6) | 661 (64.1)§ | 71 (43.8) | 38 (56.7) | 174 (39.7) | 98 (51.0)† | 23 (46.0) | 19 (51.4) |
| History of CV events | 191 (4.3) | 53 (5.1) | 8 (4.9) | 6 (9.0) | 94 (21.5) | 41 (21.4) | 12 (24.0) | 8 (21.6) |
| Current smokers | 1368 (30.8) | 405 (39.4)§ | 28 (17.3) | 21 (31.3)* | 89 (20.4) | 54 (28.4)* | 7 (14.0) | 9 (24.3) |
| Current drinkers | 2026 (46.7) | 629 (63.8)§ | 63 (42.9) | 26 (42.6) | 145 (36.5) | 90 (50.3)† | 11 (24.4) | 16 (50.0)* |
| BMI>25 kg/m2 | 1584 (35.6) | 536 (52.0)§ | 59 (36.4) | 40 (59.7)† | 230 (52.5) | 111 (57.8) | 34 (68.0) | 27 (73.0) |
| BMI>30 kg/m2 | 306 (6.9) | 115 (11.2)§ | 12 (7.4) | 13 (19.4) | 82 (18.7) | 30 (15.6) | 9 (18.0) | 11 (29.7) |
| Mean values±SD | ||||||||
| Age, years | 45.0±15.1 | 50.6±14.2§ | 54.8±13.5 | 60.5±10.8† | 60.8±12.4 | 62.6±10.5 | 63.9±11.1 | 67.1±8.1 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.2±3.8 | 25.6±3.8§ | 24.5±3.6 | 26.7±4.4§ | 26.1±4.9 | 26.1±4.1 | 26.6±4.6 | 27.9±4.5 |
| Blood glucose, mmol/L | 91.2±15.2 | 91.6±14.1 | 127.8±41.0 | 144.3±49.7* | 100.8±19.7 | 99.7±18.0 | 130.7±47.7 | 148.1±44.7 |
| Serum cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.4±1.1 | 5.8±1.2§ | 5.5±1.0 | 5.8±1.2 | 5.6±1.1 | 5.6±1.1 | 5.3±1.1 | 5.5±0.9 |
| Serum creatinine, μmol/L | 86.1±15.3 | 89.5±14.8§ | 86.1±15.5 | 90.2±23.8 | 93.7±32.0 | 97.2±48.2 | 89.6±21.4 | 89.2±17.5 |
| GFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 80.8±37.6 | 79.8±16.1 | 77.8±16.9 | 76.2±18.8 | 70.5±17.0 | 70.6±17.9 | 72.5±22.3 | 69.4±12.2 |
| Conventional SBP, mm Hg | 116.4±11.1 | 124.9±9.2§ | 120.2±12.5 | 129.2±8.0§ | 123.6±10.0 | 127.8±8.7§ | 127.2±8.9 | 127.6±8.1 |
| Conventional DBP, mm Hg | 73.0±7.9 | 78.7±7.0§ | 72.3±8.3 | 76.0±7.3† | 74.9±8.5 | 77.4±8.1‡ | 72.6±8.7 | 76.0±10.0 |
| Daytime SBP, mm Hg | 119.8±8.2 | 138.8±8.4§ | 120.1±9.1 | 141.5±9.1§ | 121.6±8.2 | 142.2±9.8§ | 124.1±8.1 | 143.6±8.7§ |
| Daytime DBP, mm Hg | 74.0±5.8 | 84.9±6.3§ | 72.5±6.0 | 83.7±6.5§ | 73.3±6.6 | 84.8±7.3§ | 73.0±5.7 | 83.9±7.3§ |
| Nighttime SBP, mm Hg | 104.1±9.3 | 114.9±11.0 | 105.2±10.2 | 120.3±14.3§ | 108.2±11.6 | 119.5±13.3 | 114.1±13.2 | 121.0±16.2* |
| Nighttime DBP, mm Hg | 60.3±6.6 | 66.7±7.6§ | 60.6±6.6 | 68.6±7.7§ | 62.0±7.7 | 68.9±8.4§ | 63.9±8.4 | 68.1±8.8* |
BMI indicates body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GFR, glomerular fi ltration rate; HT, hypertension; NT, normotension; SBP, systolic blood pressure; and SD, standard deviation.
Sustained NT is a conventional blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg and a daytime ambulatory blood pressure <135/85 mm Hg. Masked HT is a conventional blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg with a daytime ambulatory blood pressure ≥135/85 mm Hg. GFR was estimated using the Modifi cation of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation.21 To convert blood glucose, serum cholesterol, and serum creatinine from SI units to mg/dL, divide by 0.0555, 0.0259, and 88.4, respectively.
Treated subjects with sustained NT are hypertensive subjects, whose conventional and ambulatory blood pressures are normalized on antihypertensive therapy.
Signifi cance of the difference between sustained NT and masked HT:
P<0.05
P<0.01
P<0.001
P<0.0001.