Figure 3. Schematic description of significant determinants of the four indices of the stress response.

Notes. Em. = emotional; SES = socioeconomic status; Incons. disc. = inconsistent discipline; RSA = respiratory sinus arrhythmia; PPS = perceived physiological stress; square outlines pertain to stress responses; circles pertain to individual factors; triangles pertain to developmental factors; hexagons pertain to environmental factors; diamonds pertain to substance use- related factors; dotted connecting lines pertain to children; solid connecting lines pertain to adolescents.