Table 3. Increased working memory related activation in PD.
Condition | Macroanatomical location | Cytoarch. location | MNI coordinates of local maxima | Z-score | kE | ||
x | y | z | |||||
A) Increased activation in PD compared to controls during encoding, recall and delayed recall | |||||||
Encode | no significant effects | ||||||
Direct recall | no significant effects | ||||||
Delayed recall | Left posterior parahippocampal gyrus | −17 | −51 | 6 | 4.49 | 1586 | |
Right posterior parahippocampal gyrus | 20 | −42 | −3 | 4.21 | |||
Retrosplenial cortex | 3 | −38 | 9 | 4.16 | |||
Right cerebellum | Lobule VIIa | 24 | −83 | −23 | 4.17 | 1194 | |
Left cerebellum | Lobule VIIa | −27 | −72 | −23 | 3.66 | 921 | |
Right inferior frontal gyrus | Area 45 | 51 | 26 | 21 | 4.84 | 566 | |
Right superior parietal occipital cortex | 9 | −84 | 48 | 4.3 | 480 | ||
Right posterior middle frontal gyrus | 36 | 12 | 50 | 4.49 | 427 | ||
Left medial superior parietal lobule | Area 7A | −3 | −62 | 66 | 4.97 | 362 | |
B) Increased load-effects in PD compared to controls | |||||||
Encode | no significant effects | ||||||
Direct recall | no significant effects | ||||||
Delayed recall | Right cerebellum | Lobule I–IV | 11 | −36 | −21 | 4.31 | 366 |
Right posterior cingulate | Area 7A | 5 | −41 | 35 | 4.68 | 362 |
Abrr.: kE: cluster size; x, y, z: MNI co-ordinates; PD, Parkinson's disease, HC healthy controls.