Table 2.
Characteristics of the 66,889 Men and Women Medical School Graduates, 1998 – 2004 (with Follow-Up Through 2009) Grouped by Full-Time Faculty Appointment*
| Variable† | Men | Women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faculty, n (% of 6,138) |
Not faculty, n (% of 29,837) |
P value | Faculty, n (% of 5,900) |
Not faculty, n (% of 25,014) |
P value |
|
| Race/ethnicity | <.001 | <.001 | ||||
| White | 4,303 (70.1) | 20,777 (69.6) | 3,966 (67.2) | 15,787 (63.1) | ||
| Other/unknown | 78 (1.3) | 274 (0.9) | 41 (0.7) | 209 (0.8) | ||
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 1,202 (19.6) | 5,352 (17.9) | 1,125 (19.1) | 4,623 (18.5) | ||
| Underrepresented minority | 555 (9.0) | 3,434 (11.5) | 768 (13.0) | 4,395 (17.6) | ||
| Graduation year | <.001 | <.001 | ||||
| 1998 | 1,043 (17.0) | 4,708 (15.8) | 865 (14.7) | 3,239 (12.9) | ||
| 1999 | 1,189 (19.4) | 4,745 (15.9) | 1,035 (17.5) | 3,638 (14.5) | ||
| 2000 | 1,186 (19.3) | 5,067 (17.0) | 1,165 (19.7) | 3,872 (15.5) | ||
| 2001 | 1,161 (18.9) | 5,326 (17.9) | 1,119 (19.0) | 4,215 (16.9) | ||
| 2002 | 879 (14.3) | 4,780 (16.0) | 841(14.3) | 4,252 (17.0) | ||
| 2003 | 515 (8.4) | 3,395 (11.4) | 613 (10.4) | 3,604 (14.4) | ||
| 2004 | 165 (2.7) | 1,816 (6.1) | 262 (4.4) | 2,194 (8.8) | ||
| College laboratory research apprenticeship | <.001 | <.001 | ||||
| No | 3,204 (52.2) | 17,222 (57.7) | 2,954 (50.1) | 13,439 (53.7) | ||
| Yes | 2,934 (47.8) | 12,615 (42.3) | 2,946 (49.9) | 11,575 (46.3) | ||
| Extent at matriculation (into medical school) of planned career involvement in research, mean (SD) | 2.61 (0.78) | 2.45 (0.75) | <.001 | 2.48 (0.73) | 2.37 (0.72) | <.001 |
| Research-intensive medical school matriculation | <.001 | <.001 | ||||
| No | 3,732 (60.8) | 20,765 (69.6) | 3,512 (59.5) | 16,690 (66.7) | ||
| Yes | 2,406 (39.2) | 9,072 (30.4) | 2,388 (40.5) | 8,324 (33.3) | ||
| Medical school research elective | <.001 | <.001 | ||||
| No | 2,239 (36.5) | 13,356 (44.8) | 2,703 (45.8) | 13,445 (53.7) | ||
| Yes | 3,899 (63.5) | 16,481 (55.2) | 3,197 (54.2) | 11,569 (46.3) | ||
| Research paper authorship/coauthorship during medical school | <.001 | <.001 | ||||
| No | 3,431 (55.9) | 19,191(64.3) | 3,919 (66.4) | 18,269 (73.0) | ||
| Yes | 2,707 (44.1) | 10,646 (35.7) | 1,981 (33.6) | 6,745 (27.0) | ||
| ≥ 1 year(s) of research during graduate medical education | <.001 | <.001 | ||||
| No | 5,178 (84.4) | 27,413 (91.9) | 5,008 (84.9) | 23,321 (93.2) | ||
| Yes | 960 (15.6) | 2,424 (8.1) | 892 (15.1) | 1,693 (6.8) | ||
| First attempt U.S. Medical Licensing Examination Step l | <.001 | <.001 | ||||
| Pass | 6,017 (98.0) | 28,569 (95.8) | 5,685 (96.4) | 23,328 (93.3) | ||
| Fail | 121 (2.0) | 1,268 (4.2) | 215 (3.6) | 1,686 (6.7) | ||
| Medical school health education elective | .015 | <.001 | ||||
| No | 3,008 (49.0) | 15,130 (50.7) | 2,249 (38.1) | 10,210 (40.8) | ||
| Yes | 3,130 (51.0) | 14,707 (49.3) | 3,651 (61.9) | 14,804 (59.2) | ||
| Specialty choice | <.001 | <.001 | ||||
| Internal medicine | 547 (8.9) | 2,278 (7.6) | 715 (12.1) | 2,074 (8.3) | ||
| No specialty chosen | 422 (6.9) | 2,455 (8.2) | 612 (10.4) | 3,140 (12.6) | ||
| Radiology | 480 (7.8) | 2,011 (6.7) | 222 (3.8) | 673 (2.7) | ||
| Internal medicine subspecialty | 725 (11.8) | 2,582 (8.7) | 549 (9.3) | 1,359 (5.4) | ||
| Family medicine | 227 (3.7) | 3,601 (12.1) | 287 (4.9) | 3,765 (15.1) | ||
| Pediatrics | 325 (5.3) | 1,175 (3.9) | 794 (13.5) | 3,224 (12.9) | ||
| Pediatrics subspecialty | 246 (4.0) | 469 (1.6) | 285 (4.8) | 701 (2.8) | ||
| Other specialties | 1,669 (27.2) | 7,600 (25.5) | 1,048 (17.8) | 3,832 (15.3) | ||
| Surgery | 997 (16.2) | 5,474 (18.3) | 371 (6.3) | 1,375 (5.5) | ||
| Dermatology | 85 (1.4) | 478 (1.6) | 157 (2.7) | 809 (3.2) | ||
| Obstetrics/gynecology | 171 (2.8) | 841 (2.8) | 597 (10.1) | 2,979 (11.9) | ||
| Psychiatry | 244 (4.0) | 873 (2.9) | 263 (4.5) | 1,083 (4.3) | ||
| Career intention at graduation | <.001 | <.001 | ||||
| Full-time faculty | 2,685 (43.7) | 6,435 (21.6) | 2,399 (40.7) | 5,333 (21.3) | ||
| Undecided | 907 (14.8) | 4,122 (13.8) | 1,046 (17.7) | 4,435 (17.7) | ||
| Other | 255 (4.2) | 2,296 (7.7) | 305 (5.2) | 1,784 (7.1) | ||
| Clinical practice | 2,291 (37.3) | 16,984 (56.9) | 2,150 (36.4) | 13,462 (53.8) | ||
| Total debt at graduation | <.001 | .076 | ||||
| No debt | 1,063 (17.3) | 4,719 (15.8) | 925 (15.7) | 3,623 (14.5) | ||
| $1 to $49,999 | 938 (15.3) | 4,395 (14.7) | 847 (14.4) | 3,608 (14.4) | ||
| $50,000 to $99,999 | 1,797 (29.3) | 8,496 (28.5) | 1,782 (30.2) | 7,417 (29.7) | ||
| $100,000 to $149,999 | 1,527 (24.9) | 7,687 (25.8) | 1,474 (25.0) | 6,539 (26.1) | ||
| $150,000 or more | 813 (13.2) | 4,540 (15.2) | 872 (14.8) | 3,827 (15.3) | ||
*
Some of the percentages on this table do not equal 100 due to rounding.
†
The data presented for one variable, extent at matriculation (into medical school) of planned career involvement in research, are presented as means, on a 5-point scale (0 = none, 5 = exclusively research), along with the standard deviations (SD), rather than as numbers (and percentages).