Table 2.

Retinopathy staging according to [Wilkinson et al. 2003].

Stage	Leading leasion
Nonproliferative
Mild	Microaneuryms (Figure 1) Dot/blot hemorrhage
Moderate	Microaneurysms + other retinal lesions, but not severe NPDRP
Severe	(More than 20) microaneurysms in four quadrants or venous beadings in two quadrants or intraretinal microvascular anomalies in one quadrant
Proliferative	Neovascularization, vitreous/preretinal hemorrhage
Macular edema
Absent	No apparent retinal thickening or hard exudates in posterior pole
Present	Some apparent retinal thickening or hard exudates in posterior pole
Clinically significant
Macular edema	Retinal thickening within 500 μm from centre of macula or hard exudates within 500 μm from centre of macula with adjacent retinal thickening or retinal thickening of more than one optic disc area within one optic disc diameter from centre of macula

NPDRP: Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy