Table 2. Design and outcome of completed and ongoing clinical trials of oncolytic virotherapy in patients with malignant gliomas.

Standard font: Completed trials; Italic font: initiated or ongoing trials; (“x”) indicates the projected sample size for ongoing trials.

Virus (strain) [Ref]	Study phase	# of Patients	Application protocol	Efficacy	Toxicity
HSV G207 42	I	21	1×106 –3×109pfu single IT injection	Decreased tumor volume on MRI in 8 patients	No toxicity, no serious adverse events
HSV G207 131	I	6	Two doses, totaling 1.5×109 pfu/intratumoral injections pre- and post-resection	Not efficient	transient fever, delirium, and hemiparesis in one patient that resolved with DXM treatment
HSV G207	I	9	Two doses, totaling 1×109 pfu/intratumoral injections followed by radiotherapy on the next day	N/A	N/A
HSV 1716 43	II	9	103–105 pfu single IT injection	3 responders 5 stable disease	No toxicity, no serious adverse events
HSV 1716 132	I	12	105 pfu single IT injection	Not assessed	No toxicity, no serious adverse events
HSV 1716 133	I	12	105 pfu single IT injection	3 disease free for 15–22 months	No toxicity, no serious adverse events
HSV 1716	II	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
HSV G47Δ	I	“21”	N/A	N/A	N/A
HSV M032	I	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
AdV ONYX-015 55	I	24	107– 1010pfu single injection to tumor resection cavity	Not efficient	No toxicity, no serious adverse events
AdV Delta24-RGD	I	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
ReoV 75	I	12	107– 1010 pfu single intratumoral injection (to 3 dfferent foci)	1 long term (>6years) survivor	No grade III or IV adverse events
ReoV	I	18	Convection enhanced delivery of 108–1010 TCID50	1 partial response 3 stable disease	No toxicity, no serious adverse events
NDV HUJ 71	I/II	14	Part A: 108 – 1010 IU i.v. daily for 5 days each Part B: 3 cycles 5.5×109 IU i.v.	1 complete response 3 longterm survivors	No toxicity, no serious adverse events
NDV HUJ	I/II	“30”	1010 IU i.v. daily	N/A	N/A
NDV MTH-68 69	CS	1	Daily intravenous injection of 2×107 to 2.5×108 pfu for years	Tumor shrinkage	No toxicity, no serious adverse events
NDV MTH-68 70	CS	4	Daily intravenous injection of 2×107 to 2.5×108 pfu for years	4 long term survivors	No toxicity, no serious adverse events
NDV MTH-68 134	CS	1	Daily intravenous injection of 2×107 to 2.5×108 pfu for years	Tumor shrinkage	No toxicity, no serious adverse events
Measles MV-CEA	I	“40”	Intratumoral injection	N/A	N/A
H1 H1PV	I	“19”	Intratumoral injection prior to resection	N/A	N/A
Polio PVS-RIPO	I	N/A	Convection enhanced intratumoral injection prior to resection	N/A	N/A

Abbreviations: HSV, herpes simplex virus; AdV, adenovirus; ReoV, reovirus, NDV, Newcastle disease virus; H1, rat H1 parvovirus, CS, case study/series; IT, intratumoral; i.v., intravenous; IU, infectious units; pfu, plaque forming units; TCID, tissue culture infective dose.