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HIV induces synaptic simplification through gp120. A) Cortical neurons exposed to a physiological environment (B) in which BDNF and other neurotrophic factors, released in an activity-dependent manner, maintain an intact neuronal architecture. C) Image of neurons exposed to HIV or gp120 in which (D) the lack of trophic support evokes short processes and elimination or pruning of processes that eventually culminate in apoptosis. Scale bar, 10 μm.
