Table 1. Taxa probably introduced by early human settlers in the Holocene (last 2,000 years).

Family	Scientific Name	Type	Time	Notes	References
Ranidae	Hoplobatrachus	Terrestrial semi-aquatic	Holocene	Source populations from India	[154]
Pelomedusidae	Pelomedusa	Terrestrial semi-aquatic	Holocene	Source populations probably from eastern Africa	[155]
Gekkonidae	Hemidactylus frenatus	Terrestrial	Holocene	Asia	[98]
Muridae	Rattus rattus	Terrestrial	Holocene	Source populations from India	[156]
Muridae	Mus musculus	Terrestrial	Holocene	Source population from Yemen	[157]
Soricidae	Suncus murinus	Terrestrial	Holocene	Source populations from Asia, probably introduced along Arabian marine traffic routes, as was Mus musculus	[143]
Soricidae	Suncus etruscus (ex. madagascariensis)	Terrestrial	Holocene	Possible human introduction from Asia	[145]
Suidae	Potamochoerus larvatus	Terrestrial	Holocene?	Thought to have originated by human introduction, but molecular data missing	[144]