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. 2013 Mar 1;14(3):5036–5129. doi: 10.3390/ijms14035036

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© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

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Calcium and strontium induce distinct intracelular calcium signaling. Upon stimulation by extracellular calcium, calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) activates PLC, which is responsible for the translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in mature osteoclasts, in an IP3-dependent manner. Upon stimulation by extracellular strontium, CaR also activates PLC inducing the DAG-PKCβII signaling pathway and then promoting translocation of NF-κB from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in an IP3-independent manner. Taken from [465].