Table 1. Multivariate Analysis† of Overall and Gender-Specific Post-Ban Effects on Mortality Rates‡, Ages ≥35 years, Republic of Ireland, 2000–2007.
Overall | Males | Females | ||||
Cause of Death | Immediate Effects | Gradual Effects per Annum | Immediate Effects | Gradual Effects per Annum | Immediate Effects | Gradual Effects per Annum |
RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | |
All-Cause Mortality | 0.87 (0.76–0.99) | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | 0.87 (0.76–1.00) | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | 0.86 (0.74–0.99) | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) |
All Cardiovascular | 0.86 (0.74–1.00) | 0.99 (0.95–1.03) | 0.85 (0.72–1.02) | 0.99 (0.95–1.03) | 0.87 (0.72–1.04) | 0.99 (0.95–1.04) |
Ischemic Heart Disease | 0.74 (0.63–0.88) | 1.00 (0.96–1.04) | 0.71 (0.58–0.86) | 1.01 (0.96–1.05) | 0.79 (0.64–0.97) | 1.00 (0.95–1.05) |
Acute Myocardial Infarction | 0.89 (0.74–1.08) | 0.97 (0.92–1.02) | 0.87 (0.70–1.10) | 0.97 (0.91–1.02) | 0.92 (0.71–1.18) | 0.97 (0.91–1.03) |
Stroke | 0.68 (0.54–0.85) | 1.00 (0.95–1.05) | 0.66 (0.49–0.89) | 0.99 (0.92–1.06) | 0.69 (0.53–0.91) | 1.01 (0.94–1.07) |
All Respiratory * | 0.77 (0.54–1.10) | 1.01 (0.92–1.10) | 0.93 (0.63–1.38) | 0.98 (0.89–1.07) | 0.64 (0.42–0.98) | 1.04 (0.94–1.14) |
COPD | 0.62 (0.46–0.83) | 1.03 (0.96–1.11) | 0.78 (0.55–1.12) | 1.01 (0.92–1.09) | 0.47 (0.32–0.70) | 1.07 (0.97–1.16) |
Non-Smoking Related Mortality | 0.85 (0.75–0.97) | 1.05 (1.02–1.08) | 0.85 (0.73–1.00) | 1.06 (1.02–1.09) | 0.84 (0.71–0.99) | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) |
Adjusted for time trend, season, influenza, and smoking prevalence.
Age and gender-standardized according to average census population figures for 2002 and 2006.
All Respiratory excludes data from year 2007.