Table 2.
Baseline characteristics by baseline HbA1c and BMIa
| Baseline HbA1c (%,mmol/mol) |
Baseline Weight Categoryb |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full Sample (n=340) | ≤ 8.0, 64 (n=132) | > 8.0, 64 (n=206) | Pc | Low (n=224) | Overweight (n=79) | Obese (n=34) | P | |
| Age (y) | 12.5 ± 1.7 | 12.2 ± 1.8 | 12.6 ± 1.7 | 0.04 | 12.4 ± 1.7 | 12.6 ± 1.7 | 12.6 ± 1.8 | 0.79 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 172 (51) | 61 (46) | 106 (51) | 0.35 | 125 (54) | 31 (41) | 12 (38) | 0.05 |
| Female | 168 (49) | 71 (54) | 100 (49) | 106 (46) | 45 (59) | 20 (63) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 20.9 ± 3.7 | 20.8 ± 0.3 | 20.9 ± 0.3 | 0.86 | 19.0 ± 2.0a | 23.3 ± 1.7a | 28.5 ± 4.1a | <0.001 |
| Tanner stage | 2.7 ± 1.4 | 2.6 ± 1.4 | 2.6 ± 1.4 | 0.39 | 2.5 ± 1.3a,b | 3.0 ± 1.5a | 3.2 ± 1.6b | 0.001 |
| Diabetes duration (y) | 5.4 ± 3.0 | 5.0 ± 3.0 | 5.7 ± 3.1 | 0.03 | 5.5 ± 3.1 | 5.2 ± 3.0 | 5.7 ± 3.1 | 0.68 |
| Insulin regimen | ||||||||
| Injection – conventional* | 112 (33) | 42 (32) | 68 (33) | 0.03 | 71 (31) | 26 (34) | 15 (47) | 0.09 |
| Injection - glargine/lantus | 101 (30) | 30 (23) | 71 (34) | 75 (32) | 16 (21) | 10 (31) | ||
| Pump | 127 (37) | 60 (45) | 67 (33) | 85 (37) | 34 (45) | 7 (22) | ||
| Insulin dose (units/kg) | 0.96 ± 0.3 | 0.94 ± 0.3 | 0.98 ± 0.3 | 0.20 | 1.0 ± 0.3a | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.2a | 0.048 |
| Blood glucose monitoring | 4.5 ± 5.5 | 5.1 ± 0.2 | 4.0 ± 0.1 | <0.0001 | 4.6 ± 2.1 | 4.3 ± 1.9 | 3.7 ± 1.6 | 0.09 |
| (times/day) | ||||||||
| Hba1c (%,mmol/mol) | 8.4 ± 1.1, | 7.4 ± 0.5, | 9.1 ± 0.8, | <0.001 | 8.4 ± 1.1 | 8.6 ± 1.1, | 8.4 ± 1.2, | 0.58 |
| 69 ± 12 | 57 ± 5 | 76 ± 9 | 68 ± 12 | 70 ± 12 | 69 ± 13 | |||
*
Conventional injection regimen indicates insulin delivery by injection using any combination of insulin types except for glargine/lantus. Patients in this classification reported a mean(SD) of 2.6(0.8) daily injections. Glargine/lantus insulin regimen indicates insulin delivery by injections using lantus/glargine plus any combination of other insulin types. Patients using glargine/lantus reported a mean(SD) of 4.3(0.8) daily injections.
a
Values are means ± SD or n (%)
b
Low=BMI%ile < 85; Overweight=BMI%ile ≥85 and <95; Obese=BMI%ile ≥ 95.
c
T-test or ANOVA (Kruskal-Wallis rank test) of overall relationship; same superscripts indicate significant pair-wise differences