Table 1.

Results of the Facility Fixed-Effects Model Examining the Effect of Case Mix Reimbursement Introduction on Feeding Tube Use (N = 110,881 Surveys from 11,002 Facilities)

Variable	Coding	Effect on Percentage of Feeding Tubes
Case mix introduction		− 0.300*
Medicaid rate	Consumer Price Index adjusted, centered at $112 with $10 increment	−0.055†
% Medicare	Centered at 10% (mean)	0.036*
Activity of daily living acuity index	Centered at 10 (mean)	0.943*
Percentage of residents undergoing rehabilitation	Centered at 16% (mean)	0.006*
County wage index	Centered at 0.96 (mean)	− 0.202
Year (1993 reference)
1994		0.269*
1995		0.680*
1996		1.252*
1997		1.469*
1998		1.900*
1999		2.067*
2000		2.006*
2001		1.794*
2002		1.519*
2003		1.357*
2004		1.149*
Intercept		5.770*

Note: The interpretation of beta coefficients is the absolute difference in the mean rate of feeding tubes per unit change in a covariate or in comparison to the reference category, and robust standard errors were applied to adjust for clustering of surveys within facility.

^*P<.01;

^†.05.