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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Behav. 2013 Feb 4;38(6):2230–2235. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.01.019

Table 1.

Sample Characteristics

No.(%)
Dental
Clinic
(n=30)
Pain
Clinic
(n=32)
Total
Sample
(N=62)
P-
value
Age, M(SD)a 57.6(12.0) 56.0(11.7) 56.7(11.8) .60
Gender, male 16(53.3) 15(46.9) 31(50.0) .62
Race/Ethnicity
 African American 5(16.7) 7(21.9) 12(19.4) .50
 Caucasian 23(76.7) 25(78.1) 48(77.4)
 Asian 1(3.3) 0(0.0) 1(1.6)
 Hispanic 1(3.3) 0(0.0) 1(1.6)
Employment, unemployed 12(40.0) 25(78.1) 37(59.7) .004
Family history of addiction 13(43.3) 15(46.9) 28(45.2) .78
Personal history of addiction 2(6.7) 5(15.6) 7(11.3) .27
Living with person at riskb 2(6.7) 4(12.5) 6(9.7%) .67
a

M(SD) = Mean(Standard Deviation). Analyzed by analysis of variance. All others by χ2.

b

Defined as having a current or lifetime substance use problem.