Skip to main content
PMC home page
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1988 Aug;8(8):3282–3290. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.8.3282

Characterization of an SNR gene locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that specifies both dispensible and essential small nuclear RNAs.

J Zagorski 1, D Tollervey 1, M J Fournier 1
PMCID: PMC363561  PMID: 2850487

Abstract

A genetic locus is described that specifies two Saccharomyces cerevisiae small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). The genes specifying the two snRNAs are separated by only 67 base pairs and are transcribed in the same direction. The product RNAs contain 128 and 190 nucleotides and are designated snR128 and snR190, respectively. These RNAs resemble snRNAs of other eucaryotes in nuclear localization and possession of a 5' trimethylguanosine cap. Neither snRNA is related in sequence to previously described vertebrate or yeast snRNAs. Both RNAs exhibit properties consistent with nucleolar organization and hydrogen bonding to pre-rRNA species, suggesting possible roles in ribosome biogenesis. The snR128 species cosediments with deproteinized 27S pre-rRNA, whereas snR190 is associated with a 20S intermediate. Gene disruption in vitro followed by replacement of the chromosomal alleles reveals that SNR128 is essential, whereas SNR190 is not.

Full text

PDF
3282

Images in this article

3283Image
on p.3283
3284Image
on p.3284
3285Image
on p.3285
3286Image
on p.3286
3287Image
on p.3287
3287Image
on p.3287
3288Image
on p.3288
3288Image
on p.3288
3288Image
on p.3288

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adams D. S., Herrera R. J., Luhrmann R., Lizardi P. M. Isolation and partial characterization of U1-U6 small RNAs from Bombyx mori. Biochemistry. 1985 Jan 1;24(1):117–125. doi: 10.1021/bi00322a017. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Ares M., Jr U2 RNA from yeast is unexpectedly large and contains homology to vertebrate U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNAs. Cell. 1986 Oct 10;47(1):49–59. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90365-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Berget S. M., Robberson B. L. U1, U2, and U4/U6 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins are required for in vitro splicing but not polyadenylation. Cell. 1986 Aug 29;46(5):691–696. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90344-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Black D. L., Steitz J. A. Pre-mRNA splicing in vitro requires intact U4/U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein. Cell. 1986 Aug 29;46(5):697–704. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90345-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Blattner F. R., Williams B. G., Blechl A. E., Denniston-Thompson K., Faber H. E., Furlong L., Grunwald D. J., Kiefer D. O., Moore D. D., Schumm J. W. Charon phages: safer derivatives of bacteriophage lambda for DNA cloning. Science. 1977 Apr 8;196(4286):161–169. doi: 10.1126/science.847462. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Branlant C., Krol A., Ebel J. P., Lazar E., Haendler B., Jacob M. U2 RNA shares a structural domain with U1, U4, and U5 RNAs. EMBO J. 1982;1(10):1259–1265. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1982.tb00022.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Bringmann P., Rinke J., Appel B., Reuter R., Lührmann R. Purification of snRNPs U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 with 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine-specific antibody and definition of their constituent proteins reacting with anti-Sm and anti-(U1)RNP antisera. EMBO J. 1983;2(7):1129–1135. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01557.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Busch H., Reddy R., Rothblum L., Choi Y. C. SnRNAs, SnRNPs, and RNA processing. Annu Rev Biochem. 1982;51:617–654. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.51.070182.003153. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Chabot B., Black D. L., LeMaster D. M., Steitz J. A. The 3' splice site of pre-messenger RNA is recognized by a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein. Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1344–1349. doi: 10.1126/science.2933810. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. England T. E., Bruce A. G., Uhlenbeck O. C. Specific labeling of 3' termini of RNA with T4 RNA ligase. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):65–74. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65011-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Guarente L., Yocum R. R., Gifford P. A GAL10-CYC1 hybrid yeast promoter identifies the GAL4 regulatory region as an upstream site. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Dec;79(23):7410–7414. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.23.7410. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hughes J. M., Konings D. A., Cesareni G. The yeast homologue of U3 snRNA. EMBO J. 1987 Jul;6(7):2145–2155. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02482.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Ito H., Fukuda Y., Murata K., Kimura A. Transformation of intact yeast cells treated with alkali cations. J Bacteriol. 1983 Jan;153(1):163–168. doi: 10.1128/jb.153.1.163-168.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kafatos F. C., Jones C. W., Efstratiadis A. Determination of nucleic acid sequence homologies and relative concentrations by a dot hybridization procedure. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 24;7(6):1541–1552. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.6.1541. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Krainer A. R., Maniatis T. Multiple factors including the small nuclear ribonucleoproteins U1 and U2 are necessary for pre-mRNA splicing in vitro. Cell. 1985 Oct;42(3):725–736. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90269-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kretzner L., Rymond B. C., Rosbash M. S. cerevisiae U1 RNA is large and has limited primary sequence homology to metazoan U1 snRNA. Cell. 1987 Aug 14;50(4):593–602. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90032-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Krämer A., Keller W., Appel B., Lührmann R. The 5' terminus of the RNA moiety of U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles is required for the splicing of messenger RNA precursors. Cell. 1984 Aug;38(1):299–307. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90551-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Langford C. J., Gallwitz D. Evidence for an intron-contained sequence required for the splicing of yeast RNA polymerase II transcripts. Cell. 1983 Jun;33(2):519–527. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90433-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lerner M. R., Steitz J. A. Antibodies to small nuclear RNAs complexed with proteins are produced by patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Nov;76(11):5495–5499. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.11.5495. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Lin R. J., Newman A. J., Cheng S. C., Abelson J. Yeast mRNA splicing in vitro. J Biol Chem. 1985 Nov 25;260(27):14780–14792. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Luhrmann R., Appel B., Bringmann P., Rinke J., Reuter R., Rothe S., Bald R. Isolation and characterization of rabbit anti-m3 2,2,7G antibodies. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Nov 25;10(22):7103–7113. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.22.7103. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Mattaj I. W., De Robertis E. M. Nuclear segregation of U2 snRNA requires binding of specific snRNP proteins. Cell. 1985 Jan;40(1):111–118. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90314-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Parker R., Siliciano P. G., Guthrie C. Recognition of the TACTAAC box during mRNA splicing in yeast involves base pairing to the U2-like snRNA. Cell. 1987 Apr 24;49(2):229–239. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90564-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Patterson B., Guthrie C. An essential yeast snRNA with a U5-like domain is required for splicing in vivo. Cell. 1987 Jun 5;49(5):613–624. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90537-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Petes T. D., Hereford L. M., Botstein D. Simple Mendelian inheritance of the repeating yeast ribosomal DNA genes. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1978;42(Pt 2):1201–1207. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1978.042.01.121. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Pikielny C. W., Rosbash M. Specific small nuclear RNAs are associated with yeast spliceosomes. Cell. 1986 Jun 20;45(6):869–877. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90561-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Pikielny C. W., Teem J. L., Rosbash M. Evidence for the biochemical role of an internal sequence in yeast nuclear mRNA introns: implications for U1 RNA and metazoan mRNA splicing. Cell. 1983 Sep;34(2):395–403. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90373-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Prestayko A. W., Tonato M., Busch H. Low molecular weight RNA associated with 28 s nucleolar RNA. J Mol Biol. 1970 Feb 14;47(3):505–515. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90318-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Pustell J., Kafatos F. C. A convenient and adaptable package of computer programs for DNA and protein sequence management, analysis and homology determination. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 2):643–655. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part2.643. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Reddy R., Henning D., Busch H. Primary and secondary structure of U8 small nuclear RNA. J Biol Chem. 1985 Sep 15;260(20):10930–10935. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Reddy R., Li W. Y., Henning D., Choi Y. C., Nohga K., Busch H. Characterization and subcellular localization of 7-8 S RNAs of Novikoff hepatoma. J Biol Chem. 1981 Aug 25;256(16):8452–8457. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Riedel N., Wise J. A., Swerdlow H., Mak A., Guthrie C. Small nuclear RNAs from Saccharomyces cerevisiae: unexpected diversity in abundance, size, and molecular complexity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov;83(21):8097–8101. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.21.8097. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Riedel N., Wolin S., Guthrie C. A subset of yeast snRNA's contains functional binding sites for the highly conserved Sm antigen. Science. 1987 Jan 16;235(4786):328–331. doi: 10.1126/science.2948278. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Rothstein R. J. One-step gene disruption in yeast. Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:202–211. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01015-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Siliciano P. G., Brow D. A., Roiha H., Guthrie C. An essential snRNA from S. cerevisiae has properties predicted for U4, including interaction with a U6-like snRNA. Cell. 1987 Aug 14;50(4):585–592. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90031-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Siliciano P. G., Jones M. H., Guthrie C. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a U1-like small nuclear RNA with unexpected properties. Science. 1987 Sep 18;237(4821):1484–1487. doi: 10.1126/science.3306922. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Strub K., Birnstiel M. L. Genetic complementation in the Xenopus oocyte: co-expression of sea urchin histone and U7 RNAs restores 3' processing of H3 pre-mRNA in the oocyte. EMBO J. 1986 Jul;5(7):1675–1682. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04411.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Strub K., Galli G., Busslinger M., Birnstiel M. L. The cDNA sequences of the sea urchin U7 small nuclear RNA suggest specific contacts between histone mRNA precursor and U7 RNA during RNA processing. EMBO J. 1984 Dec 1;3(12):2801–2807. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb02212.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Teem J. L., Abovich N., Kaufer N. F., Schwindinger W. F., Warner J. R., Levy A., Woolford J., Leer R. J., van Raamsdonk-Duin M. M., Mager W. H. A comparison of yeast ribosomal protein gene DNA sequences. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Nov 26;12(22):8295–8312. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.22.8295. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Tollervey D. A yeast small nuclear RNA is required for normal processing of pre-ribosomal RNA. EMBO J. 1987 Dec 20;6(13):4169–4175. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02763.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Tollervey D., Guthrie C. Deletion of a yeast small nuclear RNA gene impairs growth. EMBO J. 1985 Dec 30;4(13B):3873–3878. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb04160.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Tollervey D., Mattaj I. W. Fungal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins share properties with plant and vertebrate U-snRNPs. EMBO J. 1987 Feb;6(2):469–476. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb04777.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Tollervey D., Wise J. A., Guthrie C. A U4-like small nuclear RNA is dispensable in yeast. Cell. 1983 Dec;35(3 Pt 2):753–762. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90108-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Wise J. A., Tollervey D., Maloney D., Swerdlow H., Dunn E. J., Guthrie C. Yeast contains small nuclear RNAs encoded by single copy genes. Cell. 1983 Dec;35(3 Pt 2):743–751. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90107-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Zaret K. S., Sherman F. DNA sequence required for efficient transcription termination in yeast. Cell. 1982 Mar;28(3):563–573. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90211-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Zieve G., Penman S. Small RNA species of the HeLa cell: metabolism and subcellular localization. Cell. 1976 May;8(1):19–31. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90181-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES