Table 1.
Subject characteristics
| Centenarians (N = 8) | Young (N = 8) | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Range | Mean ± SD | Range | ||
| Age (years) | 100 ± 1 | (98–101) | 21 ± 1 | (20–22) | <0.001 |
| Body mass (kg) | 47 ± 5 | (42–54) | 56 ± 4 | (50–64) | 0.001 |
| Height (m) | 1.56 ± 0.02 | (1.53–1.61) | 1.66 ± 0∙05 | (1.54–1.70) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg m−2) | 19 ± 2 | (17–22) | 21 ± 1 | (19–22) | 0.123 |
| Thigh volume (l) | 4.2 ± 0.2 | (3.9–4.4) | 5.7 ± 0.7 | (4.9–7.0) | <0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 136 ± 5 | (127–141) | 118 ± 5 | (110–125) | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 89 ± 4 | (83–94) | 78 ± 5 | (70–85) | <0.001 |
| Glucose (mg dl−1) | 88 ± 4 | (84–96) | 86 ± 3 | (82–90) | 0.067 |
| RBC (106 μl−1) | 3.5 ± 0∙3 | (3.0–3.9) | 4.2 ± 0.2 | (3.9–4.5) | <0.001 |
| Hb (g dl−1) | 11.1 ± 1.2 | (9.0–13.0) | 13.6 ± 0.5 | (13.0–14.0) | <0.001 |
| Fe (μg dl−1) | 23 ± 1 | (21–24) | 83 ± 10 | (70–100) | <0.001 |
| HDL (mg dl−1) | 53 ± 8 | (40–62) | 51 ± 7 | (45–61) | 0.539 |
| LDL (mg dl−1) | 109 ± 12 | (90–125) | 95 ± 8 | (85–110) | 0.014 |
| FEV1 (l) | 0.68 ± 0∙12 | (0.52–0.93) | 3.21 ± 0.51 | (2.32–3.80) | <0.001 |
| FVC (l) | 1.23 ± 0∙09 | (1.14–1.44) | 4.16 ± 0.59 | (3.20–4.90) | <0.001 |
| FEV1·FVC−1 (%) | 55 ± 10 | (44–76) | 77 ± 5 | (72–87) | <0.001 |
| Handgrip (kg) | 9 ± 1 | (7–10) | 32 ± 4 | (25–36) | <0.001 |
| ADL | 72 ± 8 | (60–85) | – | – | – |
| MMSE | 26 ± 2 | (24–28) | – | – | – |
Data expressed as mean ± SD
BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, RBC red blood cells, Hb hemoglobin, Fe serum iron, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, FEV 1 forced expiratory volume in the first second, FVC forced vital capacity, ADL activities of daily living (Barthel index), MMSE mini-mental state examination