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Schematic illustration of the proposed pathways of ethanol-induced cell death in corneal fibroblasts. Caspase-2 is activated as an initiator caspase to induce apoptosis upstream of mitochondria. Coenzyme Q10 rescues apoptotic response through caspase-2 inhibition toward ethanol treatment. In this case the downstream cell death pathways are suppressed, including Bax translocation, mitochondrial dysfunction, cytochrome c release, and caspase-3 activation.
