Table 1.

Cognitive tests.

Cognitive domain	Test	Description
Baseline cognition	Adapted Mini- Mental Examination (Folstein et al., 1975)	Participants are required to provide a vocal response that covers orientation, memory, and attention. They are then being tested for the ability to name, follow written and verbal commands, and copy a complex picture.
Working memory	Wechsler Digit Span Test (Wechsler, 1981)	The examiner verbally presents digits at a rate of one per second. The “forward test” required the subject to repeat the digits verbatim. The “backward test” obliged the subject to say again the digits in reverse order. The number of digits increases by one until the subject consecutively fails to repeat the numbers twice, in the same digit span length.
	Letter Number Sequencing Test (WAIS-III) (Wechsler, 1997)	Participants are asked to recall combinations of numbers and letters, numbers in ascending order, and then letters in alphabetical order.
Verbal learning and memory	The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (Brandt and Benedict, 2001; Hogervorst et al., 2002)	Participants are required to recall a list of words immediately after presentation and following a 20 minutes delay. In addition, participants are asked to recognize which words were originally presented to them from a list of target and distracter words.
Verbal fluency	FAS Verbal Fluency Test (Benton and Hamsher, 1976)	Participants are required to generate lexical words that begin with given letters (F, A, and S).
Visuomotor and visuoconstruction abilities	Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (copy, immediate and delayed recall) (Rey, 1964)	Participants are asked to copy a complex two-dimensional drawing, and then the original figure was removed from view, and the subject was asked to reproduce the figure from memory 20 minutes later (delayed recall).
Visuospatial abilities	Card Rotation Test (Ekstrom et al., 1976)	Participants are required to mentally rotate a 2-dimensional object in their mind and match the rotated figure to one of a series of possible answers.
	Hidden Figures Test (Weckowicz, 1960; Educational Testing Service, 1962)	Participants are required to decide which piece of a figure is embedded in a more complex figure from five response options.
Graphomotor and psychomotor speed, executive function, and divided attention	Trail Making Tests (Parts A and B) (Reitan, 1955; Reitan R., 1958)	Participants are required to connect consecutively numbered circles with a line (Part A). Additionally to connect consecutively numbered and lettered circles in sequence, alternating between numbers and letters (Part B).
Psychomotor and fine motor performance	Identical Pictures Test (Ekstrom et al., 1976)	Participants are required to match a test item to an identical picure. Participants are required to identify a picture amongst a group of similar-appearing distracting images.
	Grooved Pegboard Test (Klove, 1963)	Participants are required to place 25-keyed pegs into an array of 25 slotted holes as quickly as possible. The dominant and nondominant hands are tested separately.