Table 2.
Test performance (T-scores) for the total sample, BD I and BD II subsamples in inpatients with therapy-resistant BD depression on nine cognitive tasks from the MCCB, six domain scores and mean composite score, and IQ, and change in IQ from the estimated premorbid level
|
Neurocognitive domain |
Total sample |
BD I |
BD II |
ANOVA |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Test |
n = 51 |
n = 19 |
n = 32 |
F |
p |
η2 |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||||
| Speed of processing |
36.5 (12.3) |
32.3 (14.6) |
39.0 (10.2) |
3.69 |
0.061) |
0.07 |
| BACS–Symbol Coding |
37.0 (11.7) |
35.0 (13.6) |
38.2 (10.5) |
|
0.672) |
|
| Fluency |
44.7 (9.5) |
40.7 (10.5) |
47.1 (8.1) |
5.91 |
0.021) |
0.11 |
| TMT-A |
37.7 (13.1) |
33.7 (13.5) |
40.0 (12.6) |
2.77 |
0.101) |
0.05 |
| Attention/Vigilance |
40.7 (11.4)a |
38.5 (11.8)b |
41.8 (11.3)c |
0.78 |
0.381) |
0.02 |
| CPT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Working memory |
43.5 (11.2) |
41.2 (11.1) |
45.0 (11.3) |
1.37 |
0.251) |
0.03 |
| Spatial Span |
45.9 (10.6)d |
44.2 (10.8) |
47.0 (10.5)e |
0.80 |
0.381) |
0.02 |
| Letter-Number Span |
43.5 (10.7) |
41.2 (10.7) |
44.9 (10.7) |
1.45 |
0.241) |
0.03 |
| Verbal learning |
38.4 (8.1) |
36.5 (7.6) |
39.5 (8.2) |
1.73 |
0.191) |
0.03 |
| HVLT-R |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Visual learning |
43.0 (11.7)f |
40.7 (13.7)g |
44.3 (10.4)h |
1.04 |
0.311) |
0.02 |
| BVMT-R |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Reasoning |
42.3 (9.3)d |
41.9 (7.8)g |
42.4 (10.1) |
|
0.812) |
|
| Mazes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mean composite score |
40.6 (8.4) |
38.4 (9.3) |
41.9 (7.7) |
2.19 |
0.141) |
0.04 |
| IQ |
102.3 (13.6) |
93.9 (15.2) |
107.2 (10.2) |
14.05 |
<0.011) |
0.22 |
| WASI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| IQ difference |
10.8 (13.0)i |
18.0 (13.7)g |
6.1 (10.3)j |
11.29 |
<0.011) |
0.20 |
| NART-WASI | ||||||
Note: Scores on the MCCB measures have a mean of T = 50 and an SD of T = 10. IQ scores have a mean of 100 and an SD of 15. p values for statistical comparisons between BD subtypes: 1)ANOVA; 2)Mann-Whitney Test. Data presented in bold, p < 0.05.
MCCB, Measurement and treatment research to improve cognition in schizophrenia (MATRICS) consensus cognitive battery; ANOVA, Analysis of variance; BACS, Brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia; TMT-A, Trail-making test, part A; CPT, Continuous performance test; HVLT-R, Hopkins verbal learning test–revised; BVMT-R, Brief visuospatial memory test–revised; WASI, Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence; NART, National adult reading test.
an = 44, bn = 14, cn = 30, dn = 50, en = 31, fn = 49, gn = 18, hn = 31, in = 46, jn = 28 due to missing data.