Table 3.

Relative risk of 30-day mortality after colorectal cancer surgery in subgroups of patients with liver disease

Subgroups	Patients N	No liver disease (reference cohort)	Non-cirrhotic liver disease Adjusted* RR (95%CI)	Liver cirrhosis Adjusted* RR (95%CI)
Gender:
- Male	20,390	1.00 (ref)	1.37 (0.88-2.13)	2.21 (1.20-4.01)
- Female	19,450	1.00 (ref)	1.56 (1.08-2.26)	2.82 (1.90-4.20)
Age at colorectal surgery (years):
- 0-59	7,160	1.00 (ref)	2.71 (1.25-5.89)	3.53 (1.53-8.13)
- 60-69	10,254	1.00 (ref)	1.56 (0.83-2.95)	3.61 (2.00-6.52)
- 70-79	13,332	1.00 (ref)	1.10 (0.65-1.87)	2.37 (1.40-4.02)
- 80+	9,094	1.00 (ref)	1.61 (1.01-2.56)	1.14 (0.36-3.59)
Timing of admission:
- Acute	12,829	1.00 (ref)	1.57 (1.11-2.22)	2.48 (1.59-3.88)
- Elective	26,932	1.00 (ref)	1.39 (0.85-2.28)	2.79 (1.70-4.57)
Cancer stage:
- Localized	17,272	1.00 (ref)	1.16 (0.65-2.06)	3.49 (2.06-5.93)
- Non-localized	19,121	1.00 (ref)	1.71 (1.20-2.43)	2.42 (1.49-3.94)
- Stage unknown	3,447	1.00 (ref)	1.41 (0.58-3.42)	2.24 (0.91-5.50)
Surgery:
- Laparoscopic radical resection	3,528	1.00 (ref)	NA	6.82 (1.48-31.45)
- Open radical resection	31,693	1.00 (ref)	1.41 (0.99-1.98)	3.01 (2.05-4.40)
- Non-resectional procedures	4,619	1.00 (ref)	1.91 (1.14-3.20)	1.74 (0.82-3.67)
Comorbidity level:
- Low	24,528	1.00 (ref)	1.62 (0.97-2.70)	3.41 (1.97-5.91)
- Moderate	11,783	1.00 (ref)	1.60 (1.07-2.41)	3.14 (1.91-5.16)
- High	3,529	1.00 (ref)	1.17 (0.62-2.19)	1.47 (0.68-3.15)
Non-hepatic alcohol-related disease†:
- Yes	682	1.00 (ref)	1.30 (0.94-1.81)	3.37 (2.30-4.92)
- No	39,158	1.00 (ref)	2.61 (1.43-4.76)	1.67 (0.88-3.10)

RR, Relative Risk; CI, Confidence Interval; NA, Not Applicable.

* Mutually adjusted for gender, age, timing of admission, cancer stage, surgery, comorbidity level, and non-hepatic alcohol-related disease.

^† Including both diagnoses of alcohol abuse and non-hepatic alcohol-related diseases.