Table 1. Characteristics of participating hospitals.

	Non-Screening Hospital (N = 6)	Screening Hospital (N = 6)	p-value
Hospital Characteristics
Inpatient Days per Month:
Mean	11,842	9,205	0.19
Median	11,437	9,327
Range	7,369–14,627	5,220–12,492
Mean Admissions per Year:
Mean	19,605	18,567	0.61
Median	21,270	18,055
Range	9,882–26,317	13,188–25,875
Mean Number of Beds:
Mean	395	376	0.64
Median	421	382
Range	260–460	227–510
Number of ESBL-E Clinical Isolates	1,357	731	0.02
Number of ESBL-E Bloodstream Infections	175	77	0.06
Number of Positive ESBL-E Rectal Screens	N/A	1,887
Infection Control Practices
Contact Precautions for all identified ESBL-E†	50.0% (3/6)	66.6% (4/6)	1.0
Private Room	33.3% (2/6)	66.6% (4/6)	0.57
Cohort	83.3% (5/6)	33.3% (2/6)	0.24
Precautions implemented for the duration of admission*	50.0% (3/6)	16.6% (1/6)	0.55
ESBL-E flagged in electronic clinical database	33.3% (2/6)	66.6% (4/6)	0.57
Clinical Isolates Positive for ESBL- Producing Organism
Escherichia coli	80.3% (1,131)	87.4% (639)	0.91
Klebsiella pneumoniae	14.8% (209)	8.1% (59)	0.23
Klebsiella oxytoca	1.2% (17)	4.5% (33)	0.23
Culture Site
Urine	72.6% (985)	75.6% (553)	0.54
Blood	12.9% (175)	10.5% (77)	0.44
Respiratory	6.0% (81)	4.5% (33)	0.41
Wound	4.1% (56)	5.9% (43)	0.27
Abscess	3.3% (45)	1.8% (13)	0.06
Other	1.1% (15)	1.6% (12)	0.58

^†The remaining hospitals used contact precautions for patients considered at risk of transmission of ESBL (e.g. with diarrhea, incontinence or uncontained wound drainage).

^*The other 3 non-screening hospitals discontinued precautions after 1 negative specimen from the original site (1 hospital) or after 3 negative screening samples each separated by 1 week (2 hospitals). For the other 5 screening hospitals, 3 discontinued after 3 negative screening samples each separated by 1 week and 2 had no written protocols established for discontinuation of precautions.