Table 3.

Variables and outcome measures

Short-term: Key measurements of effect (measured at T1 and T2 in Groups A and B)
Self efficacy	The Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease (SEM-CD) scale (6 items) developed by the Stanford Patient Education Research Center [67].
Empowerment	Proxy of “The Health Education Impact questionnaire (heiQ)” [77]
Comorbidity	The Disease Burden Morbidity assessment (DBMA) [64]
Mid-term: Key measurements of effect (measured at T1 and T3 in Groups A and C)
Health behaviour	Behaviour Risk Factor Survey System Questionnaire (eating habits, physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption) [65]
Functional health status/quality of life	SF -12 [63,78]
Psychological well-being	K-6 [62]
Comorbidity	The Disease Burden Morbidity Assessment (DBMA) [64]
Other variables
Participant characteristics	Sex, age, socioeconomic status, education, referral diagnosis
Co-intervention	Questionnaire on co-interventions