Table 3.
Analyte |
HF |
LF |
LFn3 |
P-valued |
---|---|---|---|---|
n = 15b | n = 15c | n = 16 | ||
Estrone (E1) (nmol/day) |
|
|
|
|
Baseline |
6.7 (4.8, 9.5) |
7.2 (5.1, 10.1) |
8.1 (5.8, 11.5) |
0.36 |
8 weeks |
6.3 (4.4, 9.1) § |
9.9 (6.9, 14.2) †** |
8.5 (5.9, 12.1) † |
0.004 |
P-valuee |
0.39 |
0.02 |
0.92 |
|
Estradiol (E2) (nmol/day) |
|
|
|
|
Baseline |
2.0 (1.0, 3.8) |
2.2 (1.2, 4.3) |
1.4 (0.7, 2.6) |
0.36 |
8 weeks |
1.0 (0.5, 2.1) |
2.1 (1.0, 4.4) |
1.7 (0.8, 3.4) |
0.12 |
P-valuee |
0.37 |
0.47 |
0.83 |
|
Estriol (E3) (nmol/day) |
|
|
|
|
Baseline |
7.2 (3.1, 16.8) |
8.5 (3.6, 19.9) |
10.8 (4.7, 25.0) |
0.62 |
8 weeks |
11.8 (6.3, 22.0) |
14.3 (7.7, 26.7) |
11.7 (6.3, 21.5) |
0.79 |
P-valuee |
0.84 |
0.12 |
0.64 |
|
E1 + E2 + E3 (nmol/day) |
|
|
|
|
Baseline |
22.9 (15.3, 34.4) |
24.8 (16.6, 37.1) |
23.0 (15.4, 34.2) |
0.77 |
8 weeks |
21.5 (14.3, 32.2)§ |
35.7 (23.9, 53.4)†** |
26.8 (18.1, 39.8)§† |
0.03 |
P-valuee |
0.51 |
0.02 |
0.60 |
|
2-hydroxyestrone (2OH-E1) (nmol/day) |
|
|
|
|
Baseline |
22.7 (16.5, 31.2)§† |
25.0 (18.2, 34.4)§ |
18.5 (13.5, 25.3)† |
0.02 |
8 weeksf |
17.6 (13.7, 22.7) |
20.4 (15.8, 26.3) |
24.1 (18.8, 30.9) |
0.23 |
P-valuee |
0.19 |
0.81 |
0.29 |
|
2-methoxyestrone (2-ME1)(nmol/day) |
|
|
|
|
Baseline |
1.6 (0.7, 3.8) |
3.4 (1.5, 7.8) |
3.1 (1.4, 7.1) |
0.21 |
8 weeks |
1.4 (0.7, 3.1) |
2.1 (0.9, 4.5) |
3.3 (1.5, 7.1) |
0.23 |
P-valuee |
0.98 |
0.48 |
0.91 |
|
2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME2) (nmol/day) |
|
|
|
|
Baseline |
1.3 (0.6, 3.3) |
3.9 (1.6, 9.4) |
1.7 (0.7, 3.9) |
0.09 |
8 weeks |
0.9 (0.4, 2.1) |
1.0 (0.4, 2.3) |
1.7 (0.8, 4.0) |
0.39 |
P-valuee |
0.84 |
0.08 |
0.57 |
|
4-hydroxyestrone (4OH-E1) (nmol/day) |
|
|
|
|
Baseline |
0.78 (0.51, 1.21) |
1.08 (0.70, 1.68) |
1.17 (0.76, 1.80) |
0.21 |
8 weeks |
0.92 (0.66, 1.27) |
1.05 (0.76, 1.45) |
1.28 (0.93, 1.75) |
0.25 |
P-valuee |
0.64 |
0.93 |
0.50 |
|
16α-hydroxyestrone (16αOH-E1) (nmol/day) |
|
|
|
|
Baseline |
2.03 (1.10, 3.75) |
2.39 (1.29, 4.44) |
1.70 (0.93, 3.11) |
0.62 |
8 weeks |
1.50 (0.82, 2.74) |
2.34 (1.27, 4.29) |
2.03 (1.12, 3.65) |
0.52 |
P-valuee |
0.47 |
0.22 |
0.32 |
|
Total Estrogens (nmol/day) |
|
|
|
|
Baseline |
73.7 (52.7, 100.1) |
83.7 (60.9, 115.0) |
72.8 (53.1, 99.6) |
0.38 |
8 weeks |
65.5 (45.8, 93.8) |
86.4 (60.7, 123.0) |
80.6 (57.0, 113.9) |
0.27 |
P-valuee |
0.78 |
0.54 |
0.40 |
|
2:16αOH-E1 ratio (nmol/day) |
|
|
|
|
Baseline |
11.3 (5.4, 23.6) |
10.5 (5.0, 21.9) |
10.8 (5.3, 22.4) |
0.98 |
8 weeks |
11.9 (5.7, 25.2) |
10.0 (4.7, 21.3) |
10.4 (5.0, 21.7) |
0.90 |
P-valuee | 0.90 | 0.12 | 0.72 |
HF: high fat diet; LF: low fat diet; LFn3: low fat + omega-3 fatty acids diet; E1: estrone;
2:16αOH-E1 ratio: 2-hydroxy estrone:16α-hydroxy estrone ratio.
aAll values are geometric means (95% confidence interval).
bOne subject was missing urines for HF diet, thus n = 15 for HF.
cOne subject was missing urines for LF diet, thus n = 15 for LF.
dP-value for effect of treatment across the three diets; values with differing symbols (§,†) as a superscript are significantly different.
eP-value for paired t-test comparing baseline and 8 weeks means within each diet.
**8 weeks mean is significantly different from baseline mean.
f8 weeks means were adjusted for baseline 2OH-E1.