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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Feb 11;208(5):399.e1–399.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.02.018

Figure 5. Acute exposure to U. parvum down-regulated LPS-induced cytokine mRNA expression in the chorioamnion.

Figure 5

Quantification of messenger RNAs for (A) IL-1β, (B) IL-6, (C) IL-8, (D) MCP-1, (E) serum amyloid A3 and (F) IL-1 receptor antagonist was performed by real-time PCR assays using sheep-specific primers and TaqMan probes. Each cytokine was normalized to 18S ribosomal protein mRNA (internal control), and levels for each group were expressed relative to controls as fold increase relative to controls. (*p< 0.05 versus controls, #p< 0.05 versus 2 day LPS).