Table 1.
C4d staining in glomerulus and association with histopatholgy and albuminuria in IgA nephropathy
| G-C4d‡ | Grade, N (%) | p-value† | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflammation | 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | Total | 0.463 |
| C4d (+) | 7 (30.4%) | 1 (4.3%) | 4 (17.4%) | 0 (0%) | 12 (52.1%) | |
| C4d (-) | 4 (17.4%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (21.7%) | 1 (4.3%) | 10 (43.4%) | |
| Fibrosis | 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | Total | 0.318 |
| C4d (+) | 9 (39.1%) | 3 (13.0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (4.3%) | 13 (56.5%) | |
| C4d (-) | 5 (21.7%) | 5 (21.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 10 (43.5%) | |
| Blood vessel | Unremarkable | Thickening | Total | 0.102 | ||
| C4d (+) | 10 (43.5%) | 3 (13.0%) | 13 (56.5%) | |||
| C4d (-) | 4 (28.6%) | 6 (66.7%) | 10 (43.5%) | |||
| WHO classification | I | II | III | IV | Total | 0.562 |
| C4d (+) | 3 (13.0%) | 7 (30.4%) | 2 (8.7%) | 1 (4.3%) | 13 (56.5%) | |
| C4d (-) | 1 (4.3%) | 5 (21.7%) | 4 (17.4%) | 0 (0%) | 10 (43.5%) | |
| Albuminuria | 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | Total | 0.044 |
| C4d (+) | 6 (28.6%) | 3 (14.3%) | 1 (4.8%) | 2 (9.5%) | 12 (57.1%) | |
| C4d (-) | 1 (4.8%) | 1 (4.8%) | 6 (28.6%) | 1 (4.8%) | 9 (42.9%) | |
Inflammation and fibrosis score in inerstitium: (0) negative, (1+) mild, (2+) moderate, (3+) severe. Albuminuria score: (0) < 15 mg/dL, (1+) 15 mg/dL-30 mg/dL, (2+) 30 mg/dL-100 mg/dL, (3+) > 100 mg/dL.
†
Calculated by Fisher’s exact tests or Pearson chi-square tests.
‡
G-C4d: Glomerular C4d staining.
Missing data and obscure cases of C4d staining were excluded from the analysis.