Table 1.

Summary of main reported mutations in Rvb1 and Rvb2 and their effect on the respective processes/complexes.

mutated protein: Rvb1 or Rvb2	complex studied	cellular process involved	mutation	effect	organism	reference
Rvb1	interaction with c-Myc	c-Myc-mediated cellular transformation	Walker B mutant D302N	inhibition of c-Myc-mediated cellular transformation but did not affect general growth of cells	rat	Wood et al. [7]
Rvb1	interaction with c-Myc	c-Myc-mediated cellular transformation	deletion of Walker A (Δ63–135) and Walker B (Δ290–366) motifs	no effect on the binding to c-Myc	rat	Wood et al. [7]
both	—	growth	Walker A and Walker B	incapable of supporting growth	yeast	Jonsson et al. [9]
Rvb1	R2TP?	snoRNP biogenesis	Walker A (K81A)	inhibiting snoRNA production	yeast	King et al. [41]
Rvb2	interaction with ATF-2	DNA damage repair, apoptosis	Walker B	does not affect interaction with ATF-2 and still represses function of ATF-2	human cell lines	Cho et al. [42]
Rvb2	Interaction with β-catenin	expression of endogenous β-catenin/TCF target genes	Liebeskummer (lik) : 9 bp insertion (FCR a.a.)	enhanced ATPase activity leading to enhanced repression of β-catenin/TCF signalling leading to hyperplastic heart growth	zebrafish	Rottbauer et al. [43]
Rvb1	interaction with β-catenin	β-catenin-mediated neoplastic transformation	Walker B mutant D302N	blocked expression of endogenous β-catenin/TCF target genes (e.g. ITF-2 and Axil)	rat	Feng et al. [44]
Rvb2	Ino80	chromatin remodelling	Walker B	no effect on recruitment of Arp5 to the Ino80 complex. No effect on chromatin remodelling function of the complex	yeast	Jonsson et al. [45]
both	interaction with c-Myc	cell proliferation	deletion of Walker A (Δ70–77 in Rvb1, Δ76–83 in Rvb2) and Walker B (Δ302–306 in Rvb1 and Δ299–303 in Rvb2) motifs	deletion mutants lacking WA or WB motifs did not affect cell division. Therefore not crucial in stimulating cell proliferation	Xenopus	Etard et al. [46]
both	PcG and TrxG	Hox gene transcription	ATPase domain	abolish normal control of Hox gene expression	Drosophila	Diop et al. [47]
Rvb1	—	telomerase biogenesis	Walker B D302N	telomerase synthesis could not be rescued by expression of ATPase-deficient Rvb1	human cell lines	Venteicher et al. [33]
Rvb2	interaction with Influenza virus A polymerase	viral RNA synthesis	Walker B	does not affect interaction with the polymerase and still inhibits its activity	human cell lines	Kakugawa et al. [48]
both	—	PIKKs signalling	Walker B	PIKKs expression could not be rescued by the ATPase-deficient Rvbs	human cell lines	Izumi et al. [29]
Rvb1	—	PIKKs signalling	Walker B	SMG-1–mediated Upf1 phosphorylation could not be rescued by the expression of Walker B mutant of Rvb1	human cell lines	Izumi et al. [29]
both	—	—	truncation of one third of insertion domain	enhanced ATPase and helicase activity of the complex	in vitro	Gorynia et al. [35]