Table 3.
Physical and chemical attributes of soils by depth between 10 and 200 cm at Tanguro Ranch in Mato Grosso, Brazil. Samples are from forest and fields converted to soya bean in 2003, 2004 (old soya bean), 2007 and 2008 (new soya bean). Data are means with 1 s.e. in parentheses. Soil samples were collected in January and February 2009. Mehlich P in mg P kg soil−1, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and Al3+ in mmolc kg soil−1, Al and base saturation (sat) in per cent.
| depth | land use | n | pH (KCl) | pH (H2O) | Mehlich P | K+ | Ca2+ | Mg2+ | Al3+ | Al sat | base sat |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | forest | 7 | 3.84 (0.21) | 4.53 (0.22) | 8.43 (1.7) | 0.76 (.11) | 9.71 (8.4) | 3.86 (2.9) | 16.9 (3.0) | 74.0 (12) | 12.6 (8.9) |
| new soya bean | 13 | 5.13 (0.19) | 5.98 (0.16) | 60.4 (28) | 1.77 (0.32) | 22.1 (4.0) | 10.9 (1.7) | 1.23 (0.51) | 6.31 (3.1) | 59.3 (6.6) | |
| old soya bean | 14 | 5.31 (0.07) | 6.15 (0.07) | 27 (11) | 1.29 (0.32) | 26.7 (2.3) | 16.2 (1.5) | 0.07 (0.07) | 0.21 (0.21) | 63.5 (2.8) | |
| 20 | forest | 7 | 3.96 (0.09) | 4.54 (0.20) | 3.29 (0.68) | 0.31 (0.04) | 4.00 (2.7) | 2.00 (1.0) | 11.3 (1.9) | 71.4 (11) | 9.57 (4.8) |
| new soya bean | 14 | 4.73 (0.16) | 5.54 (0.18) | 7.36 (1.8) | 0.65 (0.13) | 9.36 (1.8) | 6.57 (1.6) | 2.86 (0.84) | 21.7 (7.5) | 33.9 (5.6) | |
| old soya bean | 14 | 4.86 (0.13) | 5.81 (0.11) | 13.1 (4.8) | 0.99 (0.14) | 15.4 (2.0) | 8.57 (1.1) | 1.36 (0.48) | 8.43 (3.6) | 45.2 (4.3) | |
| 50 | forest | 8 | 4.10 (0.10) | 4.78 (0.17) | 2.12 (0.35) | 0.11 (0.01) | 3.00 (1.5) | 1.38 (0.37) | 7.38 (1.0) | 66.8 (9.3) | 13.8 (5.8) |
| new soya bean | 13 | 4.22 (0.05) | 4.72 (0.09) | 2.15 (0.37) | 0.20 (0.04) | 1.31 (0.17) | 1.15 (0.10) | 4.85 (0.90) | 59.8 (4.5) | 9.69 (0.89) | |
| old soya bean | 14 | 4.39 (0.10) | 5.24 (0.13) | 1.86 (0.31) | 0.29 (0.03) | 3.71 (0.95) | 2.00 (0.36) | 3.57 (0.57) | 39.1 (6.6) | 17.9 (3.4) | |
| 100 | forest | 2 | 4.20 (0.0) | 4.80 (0.10) | 1.00 (0.0) | 0.10 (0.0) | 3.00 (1.0) | 1.00 (0.0) | 4.00 (0.0) | 50.0 (6.0) | 17.5 (5.5) |
| new soya bean | 3 | 4.87 (0.27) | 4.43 (0.03) | 1.67 (0.33) | 0.100 (0.0) | 1.67 (0.67) | 1.00 (0.0) | 4.00 (2.0) | 53.7 (13.5) | 16.0 (3.8) | |
| old soya bean | 6 | 5.03 (0.09) | 5.42 (0.13) | 1.50 (0.22) | 0.13 (0.02) | 3.50 (1.6) | 1.33 (0.21) | 0.17 (0.17) | 1.67 (1.67) | 20.7 (5.8) | |
| 200 | forest | 2 | 4.50 (0.10) | 4.80 (0.20) | 1.50 (0.50) | 0.10 (0.0) | 3.50 (1.5) | 1.00 (0.0) | 1.50 (0.50) | 26.5 (12.5) | 16.5 (9.5) |
| new soya bean | 4 | 4.58 (0.14) | 4.90 (0.18) | 1.75 (0.25) | 0.12 (0.02) | 1.50 (0.50) | 1.00 (0.0) | 1.50 (0.87) | 29.3 (14) | 15.5 (4.1) | |
| old soya bean | 6 | 5.33 (0.13) | 5.57 (0.15) | 1.33 (0.21) | 0.10 (0.0) | 3.67 (1.5) | 1.17 (0.17) | 0.17 (0.17) | 1.67 (1.67) | 25.2 (5.0) |