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Assessment of cell viability. For induction of EMT, TGF-β (5 ng/mL) was added to the cells 2 h before CAPE (5 μg/mL) treatment. PANC-1 cells, either untreated or pretreated with TGF-β and cotreated with CAPE and TGF-β, were harvested at various times from 24 h to 72 h. CAPE treatment reduced the viability of TGF-β-stimulated cells.
